Purpose, Processes, Partnerships, and Products: 4Ps to advance Participatory Socio-Environmental Modeling

Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Resilience 2017 Stockholm Waterfront Congress Centre, Sweden, August 20-23, 2017 Monday, 21 August - Floor 2 - 08:50 - 19:00 Patterns of the biosphere Art session ”The biosphere is the thin outer layer of this planet in which life exists. We humans are part of the biosphere and completely dependent on the air, the oceans, the forests and all other ecological systems in order to survive and thrive.” This is the overarching message for this exhibition where contemporary Swedish artists have interpreted key concepts and insights from the transdisciplinary research of the Beijer Institute of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Created together with Swedish interior design company Svenskt Tenn, whose profit goes to supporting research, the exhibition consists of four illustrations and the centrepiece is the transformation Josef Frank’s classic cabinet into a sculpture interpreting the adaptive cycle model. By Eric Ericson, Jesper Waldersten, Liselotte Watkins, Stina Wirsén and Guringo design studio. With Svenskt Tenn and the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics. Monday, 21 August - Floor 2 - 08:50 - 19:00 In between Som’ Town Art session Rising tensions around migration globally is placing increasing stress on refugees and other migrants living abroad, as well as the communities they support through remittance. Yet in between the mid-day shadow of high-rise apartment buildings and the flickering glow of worn out florescent strip-lights, Somali Town has become a rallying point. An informal sanctuary of the African diaspora, gathered on the southern tip of a continent. An unexpected home to those fleeing xenophobia, resource wars, failed states and collapsing ecosystems. Those beginning to re-establish a new-normal. The mixed media collection of photography and film explores Som’ Town, using food as an entry point for an exploration into memory, migration and resilience. By Luke Metelerkamp, Steve McDonald and Jules Mecer Monday, 21 August - Floor 2 - 08:50 - 19:00 Picturing Resilience in Foodways: Northern Ethiopia Art session Ethiopia is associated with devastating famine and food insecurity, and at the same time, its traditional food-ways (the way people grow, process, sell and eat food) are complex connected knowledge environments. Markets are the central nodes of these food-ways. They reinforce social connectivity, link rural and urban networks and in this way foster aspects of social resilience. Markets also distribute seasonal food and provide culturally relevant food for religious Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. occasions, strengthening cultural practices. As Ethiopia rapidly modernizes, and supermarkets link to global food chains, the ways of being embodied in these ‘vernacular’ food-ways are being reconfigured. By Gwendolyn Meyer Monday, 21 August - M1, Floor 4 - 08:50 - 19:00 Radical Ocean Futures Art session Sometimes science fiction can attract attention where scientific papers fall short. Stockholm Resilience Centre staff member Andrew Merrie commissioned conceptual artist Simon Stålenhag to bring a set of scenarios about the future oceans to life. Stålenhag came up with four eerie and thought-provoking images. Two of the scenarios represent more utopian visions of the future, the other two are more dystopian. They are written as speculative fiction in different, engaging narrative styles: a travel magazine article, an obituary, the transcript of a “TED”-like talk, and a series of recovered journal entries. K. La Luna is the talented musical alter ego of Dr. Kaitlyn Rathwell, herself a sustainability scientist. K. La Luna created original musical interpretations for each of the stories about our future oceans. The collaboration with Stålenhag is part of an ongoing science-communications project called ‘Radical Ocean Futures.’ The project was financed through a science communications grant from The Swedish Research Council Formas and has received extensive attention in various media. By Andrew Merrie, Simon Stålenhag and K. La Luna Monday, 21 August - M1, Floor 4 - 08:50 - 19:00 Nature / Society / Economy Art session This biosphere sculpture installation was inspired by a workshop at the SARAS Institute in Uruguay. In a group discussing icons in art and science, Stockholm Resilience Centre’s scientific director Carl Folke drew a diagram on a board depicting how nature can survive even if the economy and our societies collapse. But if our ecosystems, biodiversity and the climate as we know it collapses, then everything falls apart. The social and economic systems we have built cannot exist independently from the environment. Therefore, in a conflict between these three, nature must always come first. By Tone Bjordam Monday, 21 August - Floor 5 - 08:50 - 19:00 Reflections – on people and the biosphere Art session Swedish Art Director Lars Hall has taken photos from the very same spot on the island Grillskäret in the Baltic Sea over a period of 30 years. Three decades of persistence is documented here Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. through the pictures, reflecting diverse impressions and a changing environment. The exhibition presents a selection of these images together with texts by Stockholm Resilience Centre’s scientific director Carl Folke. Art photography, science and music quotes reinforce each other and reflect resilience – the capacity to live, persist and develop with changing conditions in a globally intertwined world of humans, societies and nature. This exhibition offers a truly reflective and beautiful way to re-connect to the biosphere and engage with the science of resilience. Carl Folke will give a guided tour of the exhibition Tuesday and Wednesday at 13.00 during the conference. By Lars Hall and Carl Folke Monday, 21 August - - 08:50 - 19:00 Studios Pop-up event These studios will provide you with a chance to move and step out of the conference mode, especially that of sitting. Take a few minutes to be good to yourself – it is worth it! Monday, 21 August - Floor 3, LANDING - 08:50 - 19:00 Craft corner Pop-up event The craft corner will provide a comfortable space where you can sit down and take a break from the sessions, engage in some handicraft, and have informal talks with peers. Material and instructions for crocheting “granny squares” will be provided for those keen to use their hands. At the end of the conference Katja and Marika will collect the squares in the aim of creating a quilt – a physical reminder of those moments and the conference. With Katja Malmborg & Marika Haeggman Monday, 21 August - A1 (1350) - 09:00 - 10:00 Opening Plenary: Resilience 2017 - Exploring the Frontiers Chair/s: This plenary is the official opening of the Resilience 2017 conference. The plenary speakers will reflect on the rapid progress and diffusion of resilience thinking, and emerging frontiers and challenges. Speakers include two of the world's leading scholars in the field of resilience science. Presenter 1: Carl Folke, Professor and Science Director, Stockholm Resilience Centre; Director of the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Presenter 2: Katrina Brown, Professor of Social Science at the University of Exeter, UK Discussant: Victor Galaz, Ass. Professor, Deputy Science Director, Stockholm Resilience Centre Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Monday, 21 August - C3 (180) - 10:15 - 11:00 Stewardship theme plenary I: Biosphere stewardship across scales and knowledge systems Chair/s: Maria Tengö, Stockholm Resilience Centre Speakers: Rosemary (Ro) Hill, Principal Research Scientist CSIRO and Adjunct Associate Professor, James Cook University, Australia – The role of communities and indigenous knowledge for stewardship across scales Terry Chapin, Professor Emeritus of Ecology, University of Alaska Fairbanks – The role of science in stewardship across scales Monday, 21 August - A1 (1350) - 10:15 - 11:00 Transformations theme plenary I: Learning from the history of largescale social innovations and transformations Chair/s: Per Olsson, Stockholm Resilience Centre Speaker: Frances Westley, JW McConnell Chair in Social Innovation at the University of Waterloo, Canada – The Evolution of Social Innovation Monday, 21 August - C1/C2 (250) - 10:15 - 11:00 Approaches theme plenary I: Frontiers of Social-Ecological-Systems research - Theories and Methods Chair/s: Marty Anderies, Professor, Arizona State University Speakers: Simon Levin, James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University - Challenges in managing social-environmental systems Marten Scheffer, Professor at the Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Netherlands - What are the key questions and how can we address them? Claudia Pahl-Wostl, Professor, Institute for Environmental Systems Research at the University of Osnabrück, Germany - The many facets of human-environmental interactions Monday, 21 August - C4 (125) - 10:15 - 11:00 Connectivity Theme plenary I: Cross scale dynamics and resilience Chair/s: Garry Peterson, Professor, Stockholm Resilience Centre Speakers: Lance Gunderson, Professor and Chair of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Elena Bennett, Associate Professor, McGill School of Environment & Department of Natural Resources, Canada Monday, 21 August - M1, Floor 4 - 11:00 - 11:30 Forró Pop-up event Forró is a Brazilian music and dance style. It originates from the rural communities living in the Sertão – the dry hinterlands of Northeastern Brazil. Traditional forró songs tell stories about rural life with all its hardships such as droughts, out-migration and longing for home, as well as joys such as love and folk festivals. Nowadays, forró is popular throughout Brazil and Europe, and the dance has taken influences from other couple dances. However, the cultural heritage of the Sertão is still alive in modern forró. By Vivika Mäkelä and Luiz Fernando Caldeira Monday, 21 August - C1/C2 (250) - 11:30 - 13:00 Nurturing resilience through adaptive co-management – what have we learned? Key insights and emerging questions Contributed session - Multi-level governance and biosphere stewardship Chair/s: Lisen Schultz Adaptive co-management (ACM) represents an approach to biosphere stewardship emerging out of the social-ecological resilience literature. ACM has received considerable attention, but systematic multi-case comparisons of ACM are largely lacking. In this session we will present a series of robust and empirically grounded comparisons between four ACM initiatives that enable a quantitative assessment of the contribution of learning and collaboration to perceived socialecological outcomes. We will further demonstrate our diagnostic framework, and how we used it to provide conceptual consistency thus enabling cross-case comparisons. The session thus presents a series of different but coherent studies advancing our understanding of ACM. Contributed session oral presentation: Coordination and cooperation in collaborative environmental governance Örjan Bodin 1, Julia Baird 2, Lisen Schultz 1, Ryan Plummer 1, 2, Derek Armitage 3 1 Stockholm Resilience Centre at Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada 3 University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada 2 Different collaborative approaches are commonly suggested as the best available mean to accomplish sustainable environmental governance. But collaborative challenges are plentiful. Here, we will focus on two broad classes of collective action problems, coordination and cooperation. Coordination mainly involve finding effective ways for actors to accomplish a commonly agreed upon objective through, for example, efficient resource allocation, synchronization of different activities, and a suitable division of labor for common tasks. Cooperation, as we use the term here, however typically also involve actors and coalitions of Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. actors with conflicting interests to seek and find commonly agreed upon ways to solve collective problems. Further, coordination and cooperation is often associated with low- versus high risk, respectively. It has also been proposed that the higher risk, the more bonding structures in the collaborative social network. In this work, we challenge this notion and instead propose that as actors over time get to know each other, they will be able to address high-risk cooperative collective action problems without relying on bonding network structures that often are very time-consuming to develop and maintain. But this ability is contingent upon three criteria: (i) one or a few actors will take on the role as centrally positioned facilitators, or (ii) specific types of actors emerge as risk mediators, and (iii) that the social-ecological context is fairly stable over time. This proposition is empirically evaluated using four biosphere areas (UNESCOs Man and the Biosphere areas, MAB), two in Sweden and two in Canada as case studies. Our results lend support to our proposition, although more data is definitely needed to confirm this. Further, our results also suggest that the stability of social-ecological context plays a significant role in explaining why actors engage in bonding versus bridging structures. Contributed session oral presentation: Developing and using a diagnostic approach to understand adaptive comanagement: Reflections and frontiers Ryan Plummer 1, 2, Derek Armitage 3, Julia Baird 1, Örjan Bodin 2, Lisen Schultz 2, Angela Dzyundzyak 1 1 Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm,, Sweden 3 School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada 2 The success of initiatives in accomplishing better biosphere stewardship relies on the ability to engage participants in activities and processes that lead to positive social and ecological outcomes. Adaptive co-management (ACM) is argued to nurture resilience in this regard, and yet moving forward in understanding the concept and application requires systematic and coordinated research efforts. In the biosACM research project we developed and made operational a diagnostic framework to study Biosphere Reserves in Canada and Sweden over a four-year time period. We reflect here on the salient conclusions from the project: a coherent framework that emphasizes conceptual and terminological specificity for comparative assessment; robust measures of key variables for greater internal validity; effective employment of mixed methods and analytical techniques; a more nuanced understanding of processes and outcomes; and, an approach that recognizes complexity and spatio-temporal feedback while also framing policy relevant insights. Based on these conclusions knowledge of biosphere stewardship may be advanced from uptake and utilization of the diagnostic framework. Increasing the number of cases and the variety of contexts is imperative to generate transferable insights across the gamut of stewardship initiatives. Additional opportunities for important contributions at the frontier of future research involve disentangling the contested matter of stakeholders’ perceptions, including direct measures of social and ecological outcomes, and amassing a database large enough to analyze feedbacks from outcomes to subsequent participation and processes. Contributed session oral presentation: An empirical assessment of learning conditions, effects and outcomes in environmental governance settings Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Derek Armitage 1, Angela Dzyundzyak 2, Julia Baird 2, Orjan Bodin 3, Ryan Plummer 2, 3, Lisen Schultz 3 1 University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada 3 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 2 Disentangling the factors that foster learning with the outcomes of learning, and the subsequent implications for sustainability, is challenging to do empirically. Our aim here is to outline a novel model and analytical process to quantitatively assess relationships among the conditions that enable learning (e.g., activities and collaboration), the effects on learning (e.g., changes in understanding about sustainability issues), and substantive and process-related sustainability outcomes. We draw on insights from research in four biosphere reserves in Canada and Sweden. Key findings highlight the effectiveness of different measures of learning, how to empirically differentiate the factors that foster learning with the outcomes of learning, and the opportunity to better inform the design of learning activities and processes through the annual work planning exercises in organizations committed to sustainability. The model and suite of metrics applied in this study is a useful reference point for future empirical studies of learning in different sustainability settings. Contributed session oral presentation: From conflict to coalition: stakeholder participation in the Biosphere Reserve nomination process Julia Baird 1, Lisen Schultz 2, Derek Armitage 3, Örjan Bodin 2, Ryan Plummer 1, 2 1 Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 3 School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada 2 Collaborative approaches to environmental governance are argued to be effective in situations of system complexity, change and uncertainty. However, creating collaborative approaches in circumstances where diverse stakeholders bring multiple, sometimes opposing values and perspectives often create conflict, and engaging in collaboration in these circumstances can be difficult. There is dearth of research related to how stakeholders move beyond conflict to form coalitions to collaboratively govern the environment, particularly in situations of selforganization. In this case study of a Biosphere Reserve in Ontario, Canada the causal mechanisms by which stakeholders self-organize and build a coalition for the purposes of securing a Biosphere Reserve designation over a period of several years is probed. Causal mechanisms are drawn from the scholarship on collective action, policy change and social innovation. A process tracing method reveals that four causal mechanisms are important in the process: the perceived severity of the problem, emulation, entrepreneurship and fear of marginalization. While the first three mechanisms are relatively well-known, the fear of marginalization is a causal mechanism not discussed in depth in the collective action literature. While not a positive reason for participating in a coalition, the fear of marginalization plays an important role in the case and may be an important mechanism to consider and acknowledge in situations of conflict. This study adds a focus on a new, potential causal mechanism operating for self-organization as a precursor to collective action in environmental governance that is important for the literature and for practitioners. Further research to understand the prevalence of this mechanism and its implications for collective action over time is needed. Contributed session oral presentation: Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. A comparative study of adaptive co-management and social-ecological resilience in four Biosphere Reserves Lisen Schultz 1, Ryan Plummer 2, Julia Baird 2, Örjan Bodin 1, Derek Armitage 3 1 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm university, Stockholm, Sweden Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada 3 School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada 2 Adaptive co-management (ACM) is an approach that brings together the learning aspect of adaptive management and the collaborative aspect of co-management, in order to foster the capacity to adapt and transform in face of social-ecological change (i.e. social-ecological resilience). In the academic literature, the concept has been applied to describe a range of initiatives, in forestry, fisheries, water governance, and even climate change adaptation. Natural resource management policies and initiatives have also embraced the concept, often in response to failures of more conventional approaches. In biosphere reserves (BRs), the concept has generally not been used by people involved, but given that BRs a) aim to reconcile conservation and development (i.e. take a social-ecological approach), b) are promoted as learning sites in this regard, and c) are managed in collaboration between a variety of stakeholders, both state and non-state, we consider them as natural experiments with ACM. In this study, we followed two Canadian BRs and two Swedish BRs, making structured comparisons between processes and outcomes across the four contexts. We aimed to gather comparable data across the BRs by adopting a shared diagnostic framework, clear definitions of variables, and systematic investigation (shared instruments for interviews, surveys, and resilience assessment workshops as well as common analysis techniques). This has allowed us to improve understanding of several important aspects of ACM. These include how network structures change with the collaborative challenge at hand; the way various conditions for learning affect what kinds of learning actually emerge and how various kinds of learning in turn affect outcomes; how diversity of stakeholders and institutions affect flexibility, novelty and efficiency of governance; and finally, what causes actors to move from conflict to coalition. In this session, we present our key findings, and then engage session participants to refine these for a synthesis paper on ACM. Contributed session oral presentation: Mapping biodiversity, setting measurable goals and involve stakeholders - tools for acting in a biosphere reserve landscape Claes Hellsten, Magnus Apelqvist East Vättern Scarp Landscape Biosphere Reserve, Jönköping, Sweden One of biosphere reserves most important functions is to act by involving stakeholders to create model areas for sustainable development – man and nature in harmony. This includes linking conservation efforts with socioeconomic perspectives. It also means being an arena for innovation and use of new tools for landscape management . The project Living Ecosystem In the Future (LEIF) , initiated by the biosphere reserve, is a unique tool for prioritization of conservation work. It represents an ecological landscape deficiency and functionality analysis (including tipping points for 202 species representing six of the region's most important ecosystems). The implementation in projects support both the long-term goals of ecological sustainability in the Biosphere program and serve as an example of cooperation with a number of stakeholders (County administration board, board of forestry, land owners, WWF and residents). In the Biosphere (East Vätterna Scarp Landscape) this tool has been tightly coupled to two practical projects: "Lövsuccé" (production of deciduous trees and replacing spruce Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. plantations) and "Lona-Odeshog" (restoration of semi-natural grasslands and forest pastures). The maps produced in LEIF has shown to be a very good pedagogical tool to show the connection between landscape values and different stands and to inspire landowners to be proactive. Both projects includes social, economic and ecological dimensions as they promote ecological values, farmer's economy, tourism and residents well-being. The results in the primary report and from implementation in the projects has validity well beyond the border of the biosphere reserve and spin-off projects are planned in the surrounding area. The connection between research and practical results in the landscape displays the unique role of the biosphere reserve as a platform and a bridge that initiates actions and catalytic processes involving stakeholders with diverse interests a synergistic effect in line with the goals of the biosphere reserve. Monday, 21 August - Room 35/36 (72) - 11:30 - 13:00 Exploring biosphere stewardship as care, knowledge, agency Contributed session - Social-ecological transformations for sustainability Chair/s: Maria Tengö In an age of increasing human pressure on the planet’s ecosystems, biosphere stewardship is emerging as a guiding concept for moving towards trajectories of sustainable development. We propose a framework of biosphere stewardship as a function of three aspects: care, knowledge, and agency. We argue that all three are required but view care as an underexplored aspect and a distinguishing feature that sets stewardship aside from concepts such as adaptive co-management and adaptive governance. The aim of the session is to test and further develop the framework, with particular focus on the aspect of care, in conversation with invited speakers and attending participants. Contributed session oral presentation: Biosphere stewardship as care, knowledge, agency – introducing a framework Johan Enqvist Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden The Anthropocene poses pressing challenges for human relations to the environment, including how we understand, act in and care for the world around us. The concept of stewardship is increasingly used in sustainability research to describe responses these challenges. There are many different interpretations and uses of stewardship – including ecosystem, earth and biosphere stewardship – informed by different (inter-)disciplinary assumptions and expertise, as well as the long history of the concept in academic and lay contexts. Stewardship thus represents a potentially useful boundary object for contemporary sustainability research, enabling collaboration and dialogue between different parties while acknowledging that approaches may vary. To enhance the utility of stewardship as a boundary object, it is necessary to clarify different interpretations, highlight connections and identify tensions in how stewardship is used. In this paper, we establish some waypoints to help researchers and practitioners navigate the challenges and opportunities that come with using the concept. We do this by (a) providing the first systematic literature review of stewardship, and (b) articulating a novel framework for thinking through and relating different uses of stewardship based on three ‘attractors’ in the literature – care, knowledge and agency. We use the framework as a Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. platform to identify further avenues for stewardship research in relation to the sustainability challenges of the Anthropocene. Contributed session oral presentation: Framing Biosphere Stewardship: An Ecological Solidarity Perspective Raphaël Mathevet 1, François Bousquet 2, Christopher M. Raymond 3 1 CNRS UMR 5175 CEFE, Montpellier, France CIRAD GREEN, Montpellier, France 3 Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden 2 The concept of Ecological Solidarity is a key feature of the laws reforming National Park policy (2006) and biodiversity conservation policy in France (2016). The objectives of this presentation are (i) to show how ecological solidarity could be the core concept of a new socialecological stewardship; (ii) to present a typology of the environmental stewardship approaches and to help positioning this social-ecological stewardship in an already rich conceptual landscape. First, we highlight how ecological solidarity provides a focus on the interdependencies among humans and non-human components of the SES. In doing so we identify ecological solidarity within a framework that distinguishes ecological, socialecological and social-political interdependencies. In making such interdependencies apparent to humans who are not aware of their existence, the concept of ecological solidarity promotes collective action and reinforces the adaptive capacity of the SES and builds or makes stronger its resilience to changes. By focusing on the awareness, knowledge and acknowledgement of interdependencies between actors and between humans and non-humans, we present and discuss how an extension of a care approach from humans to non-humans and their interactions may lead the way for a grounded stewardship approach. In a second part we focus on the development and meaning of the stewardship concept in the current environmental science, ecology and biodiversity conservation literature. We present an adaptation of a political science framework and the 4 main types of stewardship we identified: reformist, adaptive, sustainability and transformative stewardship. The key distinctions between stewardship types are (i) the role of science, (ii) the exploration and integration of the plurality of values, and (iii) the capacity to modify values, rules and decision-making system. We then discuss on the consequences of these results, the place of social-ecological stewardship and present future directions for both research and integrated conservation and development policy. Contributed session oral presentation: Biosphere stewardship - reflections from indigenous governance systems and ethics of care and reciprocity Rosemary (Ro) Hill CSIRO, ATHERTON, Australia Ro Hill is a human geographer dedicated to collaborative environmental governance, indigenous peoples and social-ecological sustainability. She will contribute to the session reflecting on stewardship as care-knowledge-agency based on her experiences and perspectives from cross-cultural research with indigenous peoples and in collaborative knowledge platforms in Australia and elsewhere, including engagement with IPBES and the Task Force on Indigenous and Local Knowledge. In particular she will elaborate on indigenous worldviews and governance systems and ethics of care and reciprocity in relation to stewardship. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Contributed session oral presentation: Changing linkages of care to action at local to global scales Terry Chapin University of Alaska, Fairbanks, United States Evolution has endowed the human species with two primal instincts: One is to scramble to acquire and hoard the resources needed to survive and reproduce. The second is to care for others, so they may survive, reproduce, and thrive over the longer term. This second instinct is strongest for family, but extends to our community and the local environment on which we depend. One of the greatest challenges of the Anthropocene is to extend the application of care to larger scales. It is the scaling of care that has fostered those features of civilizations, cultures, and religions that we most value. At the local scale, the selfish motivations for stewardship are clear—protect my home, my lake, my community. A logical local stewardship strategy is to convey the ethical and instrumental benefits of stewardship, with an emphasis on locally relevant ecosystem and social services. At the global scale, instrumental benefits are distant and diffuse, so the most compelling arguments are ethical—protecting vulnerable people and places and options (resilience) for future generations. The global challenges are to bridge across issues, silos and scales and to communicate the opportunities to foster care as a foundation for shaping a more sustainable planet. Monday, 21 August - Room 31 (26) - 11:30 - 13:00 Resettlement as transformation Contributed session - Social-ecological transformations for sustainability Chair/s: Helen Adams Involuntary resettlements are deliberate actions, often decided upon by a few external actors, implemented for positive objectives but with unpredictable outcomes. Thus, they represent a microcosm to understand trade-offs and uncertainties in transformation. Disaster and development related resettlement are common, yet mechanisms to use resettlement for positive change remain opaque, in a world where climate change will increasingly render places uninhabitable. A resilience framework represents an opportunity to fully explore the dynamics of such change – in structure and function at multiple scales, and the impact of such change on all groups affected, whether directing the transformation or not. Contributed session oral presentation: Challenges of 'deliberate transformation': Lessons from post-tsunami resettlement in the Andaman Islands, South India Sophie Blackburn King's College London, London, United Kingdom There is a burgeoning literature within disasters and climate scholarship on the relationship between environmental risk and social transformation. Disasters scholars have documented the role of extreme events as ‘tipping points’ for deep changes in social-political systems (Pelling and Dill 2010), whilst climate literature has increasingly called for incremental or ‘deliberate’ transformations as a proactive adaptive mechanism (O’Brien 2012). Often embedded in this literature are normative visions of interrupting the inequitable value systems, norms and power relations which produce vulnerability and poverty, in ways that enable more equitable and Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. resilient development trajectories to emerge. Alongside resilience, non-governmental organisations are now increasingly using the language of transformation in DRR and humanitarian programming – however, to date evidence of what ‘good’ or ‘proper’ transformation looks like remains thin, presenting a barrier to the development of such interventions. This paper addresses this knowledge gap, identifying potentially transformational outcomes of post-disaster resettlement in the Andaman Islands (South India). These include the catalytic role of resettlement processes in stimulating local political engagement, activism and representation. However, the evidence also suggests these changes were spontaneous, highly context-specific, and accompanied by the parallel disempowerment and marginalisation of certain groups. This demonstrates the unevenness and selectivity of resettlement outcomes, and suggests it will be very difficult to design pre- or post-disaster interventions that can predictably achieve deliberate transformation at scale. Particularly given political resistance to overtly interventionist programming, this paper asks whether it is realistic, practical or even desirable to try and ‘do’ deliberate transformation. Contributed session oral presentation: Resettlement as refugia under extreme environmental change scenarios Christopher Lyon University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom Environmental change induced resettlement read through a social-ecological lens is a transformation, but not uniform in appearance at differing scales and timeframes, with implications for people and subjective understandings of positive change. At short time scales, resettlement is a local event affecting community or small group scales, such as relocating a village due to rising sea levels, and may be contained within states and regions. However, this resettlement regime only remains valid within specific critical planetary boundaries such as biodiversity loss thresholds and climate stability. Once these boundaries are passed at planetary scales where more severe the impacts of climate change or biodiversity loss render larger geographical areas uninhabitable, resettlement may mean the relocation populations at much larger scales and distances from place of origin, and may take intergenerational characteristics. Historical examples of such relocations exist as the human refugia under past climate regimes (e.g. glaciation). Reference to human refugia remain absent from current and future-oriented discourses on human resettlement in response to climate change. However, current futureoriented ecological literature describe refugia for nonhuman organisms and may serve as a rough guide for human resettlement locations under severe environmental change scenarios. Such extreme considerations necessarily challenge contemporary notions of place rooted social organisation and politics, raising the difficult question of both winners and losers, but also what social, cultural, and political discourses and practices constitute resilience in the face of such radical geographical dislocation. Contributed session oral presentation: Risks of involuntary resettlement initiatives in Bangladesh Anwara Begum 1, Ricardo Safra de Campos 2 1 2 Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, Dhaka, Bangladesh University of Exeter, exeter, United Kingdom Resettlement of individuals and communities can occur within a spectrum that includes on one end voluntary initiatives, and on the other involuntary or planned responses. The literature argues that voluntary resettlement initiatives tend to result in more favourable outcomes because Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. there is scope for preventive responses, especially those that aim to reduce people’s motivation to migrate, by ensuring an acceptable livelihood in their established homelands. On the other hand, empirical evidence suggests that involuntary resettlement through planned action by government agencies, for the purposes of economic development or to avoid hazards, can have significant social consequences on different socioeconomic groups, particularly vulnerable communities that have historically resisted being evicted from their homeland, and that now are faced with limited choices due to projected impacts of Climate Change. This paper explores challenges and issues associated with resettlement initiatives in Bangladesh, particularly focusing on livelihood transitions, infrastructure development and social services that are needed in order to increase vulnerable migrants’ chances of a positive change in new resettled areas. In-depth qualitative interviews (n=6) conducted in resettled communities were thematically coded to investigate the issues impacting on the multiple interactions between resettlement and resilience. Findings suggest that more efficient communication and coordination between the government and affected communities should sought. In addition, other forms of planned intervention, such as the “cluster village” model should be explored for potential application to future climate displaced individuals. Contributed session oral presentation: Integrating place attachment and resilience for positive resettlement outcomes Helen Adams King's College London, London, United Kingdom Climate change will increasingly render places in which people live uninhabitable. While our understanding of the differentiated outcomes of population movements under environmental change has increased, less attention has been paid to the processes of resettling entire communities when places become uninhabitable. This is despite resettlement consistently undermining resilience of the affected populations. Resettlement represents a rupture of bonds to place, and thus place attachment can offer some insights as to why this is the case. However, the relationship is complex. Here, four potential interactions between place and resilience in resettlement are discussed from the perspective of place attachment: 1) Teleconnectivity and mobility of place attachment: Emotional bonds to places left behind can both increase and undermine resilience in new circumstances; 2) Temporal considerations in breaking and creating place attachment: Benefits and disadvantages of anticipatory versus post-hoc resettlement and questions on the appropriate timescale for measuring resilience after resettlement; 3) Scale of influence: External support from systems operating at higher scales is required for resettlement, with implications for agency and rights of those resettling; 4) A panarchy framing can be mapped onto the stages of resettlement. Resettlement has significant negative psychological and material impacts that can span generations. But is there also the latent capacity for desirable transformative change within resettlement? This paper discusses some of the interactions between place attachment and resilience during resettlement in order to inform discussions on resettlement for positive and intentional transformations under climate change. Monday, 21 August - Room 24/25 (70) - 11:30 - 13:00 Just green? How do we make green infrastructure become a tool for cross dimensional urban sustainability? Contributed session - Social-ecological transformations for sustainability Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Chair/s: Dagmar Haase In this session, we will discuss the need to critically engage with nature based solutions and their role in supporting urban sustainability and resilience. Nature in cities is not fully employed to better the lives and the health of urban dwellers and, vice versa, nor is societies’ capacity to protect urban ecosystems and species. Furthermore, cities are characterized by increasing sociospatial differences, with some residents benefiting more from urban nature than others, as well as increasing diversity regarding perceptions of and demands on urban nature. What needs to be added to the nature base of the solutions to remedy these and other problems? Contributed session oral presentation: Innovating continuity - a biocultural perspective on cities Erik Andersson 1, Stephan Barthel 1, 2 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Faculty of Sustainable Development, University of Gävle,, Gävle, Sweden History matters, and can be an active and dynamic component in the present. A closer look at cities from the perspective of biocultural dimensions and complexity offer common and potentially fertile ground for different knowledge traditions and sectors to meet. To help this process gain momentum we present social-ecological memory as way to address, diagnose and engage with urban green space performance and resilience. Rapidly changing cities pose a threat and a challenge to the continuity that has helped to support biodiversity and ecological functions by upholding similar or only slowly changing adaptive cycles over time. Continuity is perpetuated through memory carriers, slowly changing variables and features that retain or make available information on how different situations have been dealt with before. Ecological memory carriers comprise memory banks, spatial connections and mobile link species. These can be supported by social memory carriers, represented by collectively created social and cultural features like habits, oral tradition,rules-in-use and artefacts, as well as media and external sources. Loss or lack of memory can be diagnoses by the absence or disconnect between memory carriers, as will be illustrated by several typical situations. Drawing on a set of example situations, we present an outline for a look-up table approach that connects ecological memory carriers to the social memory carriers that support them and use these connections to set diagnoses and indicate potential remedies. The inclusion of memory carriers in planning and management considerations may facilitate preservation of feedbacks and disturbance regimes as well as specie sand habitats, and the cultural values and meanings that go with them. The diversity of memory carriers and the complex relations between them make for an argument to case for the need to combine methods and perspectives from the different sciences as well as the humanities, and the examples demonstrate that this is not merely of academic interest. Contributed session oral presentation: Trade-offs between ecological and social sustainability Annegret Haase Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany Sustainability claims to be a comprehensive concept; at its heart, there are three dimensions: ecological, economic and social sustainability are forming its three main pillars. Inherently, we believe that real sustainability can be only reached when all three pillars go hand in hand or nicely fit with each other. In sustainability research, there is not so much focus on the trade-offs Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. between the pillars. But these trade-offs exist, and it is more than ever necessary to address them. In my talk, I will focus on trade-offs between ecological and social sustainability. All too often, we assume that ecological sustainability automatically serves for social equity and inclusiveness as well. But, when looking closer at this relationship, it becomes obvious that ecological sustainability is not inherently socially just; sometimes, projects aiming at greening or the protection of resources such as thermal insulation even lead to social problems, segregation or increase the vulnerability of the poor. My talk will also have a focus on urban areas. Cities are those places where the majority of humanity lives and where most of the planetary resources are being needed and exploited. At the same time, cities are places characterized by high levels of segregation and social inequalities. Hitherto ecological and climate adaptation projects did not stop or even change the trends towards increasing social polarization. Set against this background, I will try to disentangle some critical relations between ecological and social sustainability in cities, will ask whether and, if yes, how we can reach “green” and “just” cities and what are conditions/frameworks to be changed/challenged for that. Contributed session oral presentation: Relationship between structure of urban land and surface temperature: inner class and neighborhood effects Peleg Kremer 1, Neele Larondelle 2, 3 1 Department of Geography and the Environment, Villanova University, Villanova, United States Humboldt Universität zu Berlin | Landscape Ecology Lab, Berlin, Germany 3 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research | Climate Impacts & Vulnerabilities - Research Domain II, Potsdam, Germany 2 The structure of urban landscapes (STURLA) classification was developed as a simple and reproducible approach to urban structure classification that captures common heterogeneous structures in urban landscapes by deriving composite classes of built and natural features based on compositions of adjacent structural elements that emerge in the urban landscape, using a cellular grid to define units of analysis (Hamstead et al., 2016). STRULA approach is proposed as useful for studying the relationship between urban structure and function and prior studies investigated the relationship between STRULA classes and surface temperature in NYC and Berlin (Hamstead et al., 2016, Larondelle et al., 2014). In this study, we continue to develop the STRULA classification by examining the drivers of the relationship between urban structure and surface temperature. In particular, we are interested in understanding the relationship between different building types and surface temperature. We use newly available data in Berlin to capture the influence of inner class composition and neighborhood effects on surface temperature within one composite class that encompasses 35% of the land in Berlingrass\shrubs, tree, lowrise, midrise, road and bare soil. This analysis allows us to further establish the merit of the STRULA approach and evaluate its underpinning urban structure components. A linear model in constructed describing the influence of individual land cover components within the composite class and in the neighborhood of the class on surface temperature. Contributed session oral presentation: The perspective of urban telecouplings for greening strategies Dagmar Haase HU Berlin and UFZ Leipzig, Berlin, Leipzig, Germany Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. The key target of the short provocative paper is to identify and to discuss the perspective of urban telecouplings for/of greening strategies, in particular patterns, processes and actors at both ends of such a coupling. The paper will present some conceptual considerations as well as real world cases and argue why a better understanding of urban telecouplings helps to shed light on unsolved problems and questions of urban greenspace access and availability inequalities. For more information about the overall aim of the session, please, refer to the session abstract. Contributed session oral presentation: The nature conservation perspective Sara Borgström Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Stockholm, Sweden Long before concepts like biodiversity, ecosystems and ecosystem services were coined, we started to establish protected areas to safeguard appreciated values provided by nature – with a special attention to certain species or landscapes. This institution which was a response to the industralisation and more recently it has been applied to safeguard biodiversity and recreational values in urbanizing landscapes, which are often located in biodiversity rich areas. Hence, still with a strong focus on certain species and landscape features. Unfortunately, this legacy and present implementation of the protected areas build on an either or thinking - a belief that it is possible to separate and protect nature from human activities. This discourse and practices are at odds with the present day suggested integrative approaches to social-ecological urban dynamics. For example, commonly the nature conservation is administrated and managed by other divisions than those responsible for the urban planning and management of the surrounding landscape. These kinds of amplification of the institutional boundaries likely have negative impacts on human accessibility, flows of benefits and ecological connectivity, and in the long term put the areas at risk of degradation. In addition, the urbanization increases the physical isolation of protected areas as well as the diversity of demands on what they should provide. It is clear that there is a need to reconsider protected areas in the light of present day urban challenges. What is the purpose of these areas and for whom? How can our existing system of urban protected areas be upgraded to be seen and function as a supporter and/or provider of ecosystem services across spatial and temporal scales. Where do we need to establish new protected areas based on these premises, to be most efficient in providing resilience at the same time as they are resilient in themselves? Contributed session oral presentation: Gentrification – green or not-green driven – this is the question Nadja Kabisch Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Departement of Geography, Berlin, Germany Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, Pegau, Germany Within cities green spaces are often unequally distributed between groups of differ-ent socioeconomic status, age and ethno-racial characteristics (Byrne & Wolch 2009; Gob-ster 1998). Uneven access to urban green space has become an issue of socio-environmental justice (Kabisch & Haase 2014) and awareness of this problem has increased in terms of related negative health impacts across the life course (Dai 2011). Uneven distribution of and access to urban green spaces may be related to a number of interlinked factors including path dependency related to history, land use development, park management and design. Also in historical times green spaces and parks were created where the rich lived and/or typical replacements of the Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. poor after the installation of large green spaces happened. Even today, the installation and development of urban green spaces such as parks increases attractiveness of a neighbourhood making it desirable for investments. In turn, raising house and rent prices can potentially lead to a displacement of those residents the green space was actually meant to be beneficial. Such effects are called “green paradox”, “eco gentrification”, “ecological gentrification” or “environmental gentrification”. Using selected examples, the talk will discuss whether urban green development projects do foster gentrification or whether gentrification would have taken place anyway no matter if a particular urban green environment has been changed or qualified. Contributed session oral presentation: Urban environmental justice in light of hedonic pricing Jakub Kronenberg, Piotr Czembrowski, Edyta Łaszkiewicz University of Lodz, Poland, Lodz, Poland Hedonic pricing has been widely used to assess the perceived value of urban green infrastructure in light of how much people pay for real estate depending on distance from green spaces. Most hedonic pricing studies indicate that people are willing to pay a premium for apartments and houses located close to green spaces. Nevertheless, hedonic pricing has been criticized for capturing only the preferences of those who can afford buying or renting properties, i.e. leaving some urban inhabitants out of the picture. This might suggest that urban green spaces are a luxury good, available only to the privileged. Within the GREEN SURGE project we tested if that is the case in Lodz, Poland. To verify whether green spaces are a luxury good, we analyzed the relationship between the demand for closeness of green spaces and the buyer’s income. We used quantile regression to check if the willingness to pay for green space proximity increases and if it does, then if it grows faster than proportionally to the total price of an apartment. We found no support for a hypothesis that green spaces in Lodz are considered by the inhabitants as luxury goods, rather that only part of the green spaces in Lodz are perceived as amenities but even they can be at best treated as normal goods. We reflected on what would the estimates be if such a study was performed in a city with perfect green space accessibility. We hypothesize that the environmental variables would become insignificant in explaining the variability of property prices as variance of environmental accessibility and quality would become too low. Therefore, we suggest to revisit previous studies where hedonic pricing results turned out insignificant to find the reason for their insignificance and to be careful with the interpretation of hedonic pricing results in general. Monday, 21 August - Room 26 (50) - 11:30 - 13:00 Imagination – A Transformational Capacity? Contributed session - Social-ecological transformations for sustainability Chair/s: Manjana Milkoreit, Michele-Lee Moore Today’s global sustainability challenges place significant transformational demands on modern societies. Such transformational change requires a set of capacities at the individual and collective scales, which are not yet very well understood. This session explores imagination as one such transformational capacity – the ability of an individual or group to envision different scientifically informed (i.e., possible) but significantly altered futures, including phenomena that unfold slowly over long time periods and disruptive short-term change. This kind of imagination Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. is essential for individuals and societies to create, design and bring about desired future trajectories. Contributed session oral presentation: Restoring our senses, restoring the Earth. The role of arts, the body and imagination in climate resilience research Diego Galafassi 1, Joan Davìd Tàbara 2 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden Sustainabilogy, Barcelona, Spain Much of the resilience research so far has underlined the need to restore the quality and functioning of global ecosystems in order to cope with the impending challenges of planetary change. However such difficult endeavour is unlikely to happen unless a much deeper transformation in restoring human senses at a personal and relational level occurs in the first place. Arts and bodily engagements play a decisive role in unveiling crucial social-ecological realities, sharpening our perception and triggering emotions and imagination which often remain neglected or suppressed by our current Human Knowledge and Information Systems (HIKS). Through the Arts and the body we can help create meaning to collective actions and develop sensitivities which otherwise would be suppressed or discounted as irrational. To overcome many of the limitations that current formal communication artefacts impose on our minds and which prevent developing quality social-ecological interactions, we reflect on the role of non-formal languages and embodied modes of expression to imagine alternative positive visions of the world - and of ourselves in it. We base our discussion on two spaces developed to experiment with new modes of expression: an experimental workshop with 40 practitioners on the topic of Art-Science Sustainability interfaces and an science-art process for co-creation of desirable futures to cope with High-End Climate Change trajectories within the EU-funded project IMPRESSIONS (www.impressions-project.eu). Contributed session oral presentation: Imagination in the IPBES Scenario Process Nadia Sitas 1, Laura Pereira 2, Federica Ravera 3 1 Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) South Africa and Department of Conservation Ecology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa 2 Centre for Complex Systems in Transition, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Stellenbosch, South Africa 3 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânica (ICAAM), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal Global modelling and assessments continue to show numerous declines in most biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES) as a result of various anthropogenic forces. The rapid pace and scale of social-ecological challenges in the Anthropocene requires new and integrated methods for conceptualising alternative futures and co-designing transformative responses. Current scenarios for exploring the future of BES and their contributions to human wellbeing - mainly from the natural sciences - are insufficient to capture the complexity and context-specific nature of the problems. New ways for scientists, practitioners and policy-makers to engage with such complex global challenges are required. The intergovernmental science-policy platform for biodiversity and ecosystem services (IPBES) needs to provide an evidence-base for informing cross-scale decision-making processes in order to design policies and practices that can maintain BES for current and future human wellbeing. A key challenge is to co-design multiscale future scenarios through more participatory processes, which include more nuanced, Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. creative and regionally-relevant narratives that still align with policy processes. This involves engaging with diverse knowledge systems, values and actors to better understand, communicate and co-construct innovative solutions that can facilitate change. We present the findings of a comparative analysis of novel and imaginative scenario exercises from across the world that focus on sustainability transformations through a transdisciplinary dialogue between artists, scientists and stakeholders. Examples include the Seeds of Good Anthropocenes project, and the Museums of the Future Now project. Drawing on these cases, we provide insights into new methodologies and outcomes for envisioning imaginative and plausible futures. We present alternative options for shifting away from business-as-usual approaches in how scenarios are constructed and adopted in the BES arena. We demonstrate the value of fostering more inclusive and creative participatory processes that acknowledge the importance of understanding multiple value systems and relationships in order to reimagine a more inclusive and just future. Contributed session oral presentation: ARThropocene: Re-imagining Anthropocene Futures through Art-Science Collaboration Rika Preiser 1, Maike Hamann 1, Reinette Biggs 1, 2 1 2 Centre for Complex Systems in Transition Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden The Anthropocene ushers in new and diverse challenges, such as an increasing disconnect between people and nature, widening inequalities, and potential planetary tipping points. There is a growing recognition that dramatic socio-cultural, political and technological changes are required to face these challenges and to create more just and sustainable future transformations. Above all we are challenged to inhabit a future that meets the deeply intertwined development and environmental challenges society faces, in a world profoundly shaped by human actions. The ARThropocene project is an initiative that is borne from the recognition that we cannot predict and calculate with certainty what changes will be needed to create a better world. Now, more than ever, we need to create collaborative engagements between artists and scientists to work more closely with each other so that we can start re-imagining sustainable and just Anthropocene futures. The Centre for Complex Systems in Transition and the Sustainability Institute at Stellenbosch University, South Africa, co-hosted the first ARThropocene event in 2016 and plan more events for 2017 during which we aim to provide an interactive space for artists and scientists to engage in dialogue to explore how the combined critical perspectives afforded by the humanities, science and fine arts can enable us to re-imagine (in other words, to use the imagination as transformational capacity) shared new visions that would allow radically alternative and positive Anthropocene futures to emerge. Contributed session oral presentation: Imagination - A transformational capacity Michele-Lee Moore University of Victoria (Canada) and Stockholm Resilience Centre (Sweden), Stockholm, Sweden Will be co-chairing this session with Manjana Milkoreit Contributed session oral presentation: Children’s nature connection for sustainable transformation Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Matteo Giusti Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden In the last decades many hands-on programs have been pursuing the goal of physiologically and psychologically connecting children to nature. This heterogeneous global movement employs a plethora of nature experiences that provide children with the health benefits of direct nature interaction. However, there are limited evaluating tools to validate if these hands-on activities significantly impact children’s human-nature connection as effectively as many academics in sustainability science would hope for. In this research we address this ‘evaluative gap’ to create a bridge between practice and academia in the mutual effort of connecting children to nature. This study is then a transdisciplinary investigation to respond to five complementary questions that delineate what a meaningful nature experience is. (1) What are the qualities of a meaningful nature experience? (2) What are the outcomes of a meaningful nature experience? (3) What are barriers and promoters to perception and actualization of nature experiences? (4) How is connection to nature evaluated by practitioners? (5) What are meaningful nature routines? In order to answer these questions we thematically coded hundreds of activities performed across countries and interviewed practitioners who have devoted their professional career to design such activities. The study delineates the foundation for an evaluative framework to assess meaningful nature experiences. Conclusive monitoring methods for these programs would allow reliable comparison within and across programs, identifying any discrepancies between intended and effective outcomes, and comparison of effectiveness among individual experiences. Furthermore, this is an unavoidable first step to understand if these programs have potential to nurture future individuals and collective sustainable transformations. Monday, 21 August - C4 (125) - 11:30 - 13:00 Toward realistic, plausible, positive futures for the planet Contributed session - Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Albert Norström The world has entered the Anthropocene in which the social and ecological are increasingly entangled in surprising and novel ways. Resilience is the capacity of social-ecological systems to adapt or transform in the face of these dramatic changes. Building resilience in a world of surprise and novelty require methods that bring multiple futures into current decision making. Scenario planning is one approach that has been increasingly used in research and science-policy processes, in particular places and in international assessment such as IPBES. Scenarios are plausible stories about how the future of a social-ecological system might unfold. Scenario planning can be an important tool in social-ecological transformations because it forces people to think explicitly about alternative situations, consider key uncertainties and create an understanding that a different order of things is possible. We will bring together leading scholars from diverse disciplines to create a novel overview of the multiple roles scenarios can have in social-ecological transformations. Contributed session oral presentation: Participatory Social-Ecological Scenario Planning: Approaches and Frontiers Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Garry Peterson 1, Joost Vervoort 2 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands Scenario planning can be an important tool in social-ecological transformations because it forces people to think explicitly about alternative situations, consider key uncertainties and create an understanding that a different order of things is possible. Participatory scenario planning is an increasingly popular tool in place-based social-ecological research and practice. Participatory social-ecological scenarios can serve as a platform for dialogue, create new understanding of social-ecological dynamics that bridges multiple perspectives, models & data. Consequently these processes can improve complexity thinking, in particular awareness of surprise, uncertainty and as well as identify apparent conflicts and contradictions. Furthermore, due to their narrative structure scenarios can be a good tool to communicate such insights more widely than among those involved in the scenario process. However, participatory scenario planning are time consuming, are weak at exploring cross-scale interactions, and coping with divergent power, goals, and capacities of participants, and a lack of clear methods, standards or evaluations impairs the use and advancement of participatory scenario planning. Key frontiers for participatory scenario planning are 1) transparent methods for producing scenario dynamics, 2) methods that consider surprising and implausible futures which are possible and maybe even likely, 3) better incorporating cross-scale dynamics into scenarios, 4) better and more transparent linkages between quantitative and qualitative data & models, 5) better use of games in scenario development, 6) better planning for iteration and learning within individual scenario processes and 7) developing an open social-ecological scenarios community of practice. Contributed session oral presentation: Bright Spots: Seeds of good Anthropocene Elena Bennett McGill University, Montreal, Canada Society is bombarded by dystopian visions of future collapse and degradation. But the future does not have to be bleak. In fact, we can point to an emergence of experiments in new thinking, innovative ways of living, projects aiming for change that bodes well for the future. As people become aware of threats to society and nature, many are increasingly engaging in strategies to create a more just, prosperous, and ecologically diverse world – “good Anthropocenes”. Inspirational visions can be a key component of transformations to sustainability, helping to shape the very reality that they forecast. But thus far, most efforts to imagine positive global emerge from the same handful of ideas about the future, which overestimate the power of conventional strategies to create real change, resulting in scenarios that are very similar to the status quo, or feature fantasy pathways to unrealistic utopias. We propose that global scenarios can be diversified by using these ‘experiments’ in new ways of thinking, doing, and being, to build scenarios from the ground up. We discuss how this might be done, what kinds of socialecological scenarios it could help develop, and how they might be more useful than existing global scenarios. Contributed session oral presentation: Scenarios for transformative pathways in social-ecological systems Albert Norström Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. There is growing recognition that actions to enhance natural capital and the supply and reliability of ecosystem services are urgently needed at local, regional, and global scales. But in a rapidly changing world, such initiatives cannot succeed without investing in social-ecological resilience. A central challenge of managing the resilience of social-ecological systems is posed by slowly unfolding dynamics and considerable uncertainty about future pathways. A powerful tool for envisioning what the future can and might hold for ecosystem services in a socialecological context, is the creation of scenarios. The use of scenario planning for ecosystem services and transformation of social-ecological systems is ripe for improvement. For example, by better incorporating models of ecosystem services in the scenario planning process. InVEST is a well‐developed and widely-applied suite of models to map and value different types of ecosystem services. InVEST has been continually developed and expanded by the Natural Capital Project, and its modular design provides an effective tool for exploring the likely outcomes of alternative management and climate scenarios and for evaluating trade‐offs among sectors, services, and beneficiaries. InVEST models are well suited for identifying spatial patterns in the provision and value of ecosystem services on the current landscape or under future scenarios, and trade‐offs between management scenarios. This talk will outline some ideas and ways to advance and integrate scientific understanding of how social-ecological scenario planning can integrate ecosystem service models, such as InVEST, and formalize some lessons learned from resilience work and from engagements in decisions to bring the cutting edge of academic thinking on this subject into best practices. Contributed session oral presentation: Using scenario games to experiment with Anthropocene futures Joost Vervoort 1, 2, Garry Peterson 3, David Farrell 4, Laura Pereira 5, Tanja Hichert 5, Rika Preiser 5 , Oonsie Biggs 5, Elena Bennett 6 1 Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom 3 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden 4 Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom 5 Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa 6 McGill University, Montreal, Canada 2 The Anthropocene presents an urgent need to transform the role of humans in the earth system. New scenario approaches are needed to imagine and experiment with novel, feasible futures that avoid the traps of present bias, fatalism, and technological utopia. A promising approach has created a database of current practices worldwide that have the potential to be ‘seeds’ of desirable Anthropocene futures. These seeds can be used as building blocks in various approaches to create future scenarios. One approach is the development and use of games as interactive scenario generators. Scenario games harness many benefits of participatory modelling approaches – they are system representations with rules, resources and interactions, and can be used to experiment with system behaviors and outcomes. Scenario games also have much in common with scenario narrative development, because games represent dynamic game worlds, game play creates narratives in such worlds. Games also have specific advantages beyond models and narrative scenarios – their focus on actor perspectives means that game players can step into different roles to experience future worlds, and interact with other game roles to experiment with actor interactions in iterative processes between multiple player decisions and game consequences. We report on the development and application of a series of analogue and digital games that have been created by researchers and game designers to imagine and experiment with the transformative potential of different ‘seed’ initiatives. We compare Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. how different game rules and conditions, including the use of contextual scenarios, the numbers and roles of players, and digital or analogue formats, lead to different ways to collect, use and/or combine seeds, to different development pathways for seed initiatives, and ultimately to different Anthropocene futures and insights for present day action. We also discuss the potential role for such games to up-scale engagement with the creation of seed-based futures. Monday, 21 August - Room 23 (30) - 11:30 - 13:00 Stewardship of gastronomic landscapes – exploring the future of food Contributed session - Multi-level governance and biosphere stewardship Chair/s: Fredrik Moberg Gastronomy is the practice or art of choosing, cooking, and eating good food, and as such emphasizes the role of food culture and quality for achieving a better food system. ‘Gastronomic stewardship’ is a novel concept that directs the thought to the active shaping of food systems that can provide both flavourful and sustainable produce. It includes stewardship across the entire food value chain, from producer to consumer. The aim of the session is to explore and discuss the concept, visions and pathways to enhance gastronomic stewardship, but also to develop the usefulness of the concept in different cultural contexts. In the session, three researchers will give presentations on gastronomic stewardship, drawing from case studies in three different places: Sweden, South Africa and the Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan and Afghanistan. This will be combined with three practitioners: Paul Svensson – Chef from Fotografiska; Sebastien Boudet – Baker; and Brent Loken, EAT Foundation. Contributed session oral presentation: How can gastronomy help improve food system sustainability and biosphere stewardship? Line Gordon 1, Carl Folke 1, Laura Pereira 2, Maria Tengö 1, Per Olsson 1, Jamila Haider 1 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Centre for Complex Systems in Transition, Stellenbosch, South Africa Large scale transformation of current food systems is needed. This transformation need to include both changes to consumption and dietary patterns, and food production practices. In this talk we look at the potential role that gastronomy can have for changing diets to more sustainable, healthy and attractive food, while also creating opportunities for farmers to adopt improved biosphere stewardship of food production landscapes. We particularly focus on chefproducer relations and discuss the potential of scaling successful example. We use case studies from Sweden where here has been a relatively recent growing interest in gastronomy as a tool to drive sustainability in the food service sector. Contributed session oral presentation: The Pamir Mountains: Gastronomy, Stewardship and poverty traps L. Jamila Haider Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Over millennia the rugged, rocky, inhospitable landscape of the Pamir Mountains was transformed into fertile patches of soil through human ingenuity. People tended to the land, and Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. domesticated wild hearty varieties of grains and fruits, and the Pamirs became a centre of origin of various grains, nuts and fruits. 151 varieties of wheat grow in the Pamirs, and are often cleverly interspersed with grass-pea, millets, rye and faba bean. Alongside biodiversity, language and culture also coevolved. Despite being home to rich biocultural diversity, the Pamir region is the poorest of all Central Asia and much of that diversity is at risk of being lost due to the introduction of improved grain varieties. For all this diversity, by far the most abundant food made and consumed today is simple white bread made with imported flour and any visitor to the Pamirs would be forgiven for thinking of the Pamirs as a food desert. Seeds are disappearing as new marketable varieties are introduced, and since all the different languages of the Pamir are unwritten, the knowledge that coeovled with the seeds is also disappearing. Local gastronomy however potentially plays a role in preserving and celebrating agricultural biodiversity and in improving livelihoods. The story of our gastronomic journey in the Pamirs began when a grandmother asked us to write down her recipe for osh, a grainy noodle soup made of at least six different grains and legumes. That one recipe grew to over 100, which we documented in a recipe book, which much to our (the authors) surprise became the “World’s Best Cookbook” in 2016. Since then local recipes have been reinvigorated and become a source of pride in local landscape stewardship and food has provided a way to open up new conversations about positive development pathways. Contributed session oral presentation: Western Cape, South Africa: Understanding the transformative potential of traditional foods in gastronomic landscapes for creating a more sustainable and just food system Laura Pereira Centre for Complex Systems in Transition, Matieland, South Africa South Africa’s food system is as contested as the country’s history. High levels of poverty and inequality, an industrialised and monetised food system that prevents the majority from accessing healthy food and a land ownership pattern that still reflects apartheid. At the same time, South Africa is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world with the potential to feed its population a healthy and nutritious diet from its natural landscapes. In this presentation, I will showcase research on the gastronomic landscape of the Western Cape that is contributing to a better understanding of the role that local and traditional foods can play. The indigenous food of the Western Cape provides an archaeological puzzle because much of the culinary knowledge held by the indigenous Khoi and San people was wiped out as colonial settlers moved into the area and brought with them western crops like wheat to feed their settlements and the ships docking at Cape Town. However, linked to the recent international foraging trend, as well as environmental shocks like the current drought, there has been a revival of interest in the indigenous species that can are able to grow in the sandy soils of the west coast of South Africa. A few pioneers of this revival have the aim not only of experimenting with local foods to create delectable dishes, but also of increasing the knowledge of what to eat, how to eat it, and how it may be cultivated. The idea lies rooted less in a push for high-end cuisine, but more as a means to provide access to diverse and nutritious food for local people. I will describe some of the interesting seed initiatives and niche activities of ‘change makers’ that I propose have the potential to transform the currently unequal local food system into a gastronomic landscape that can provide a healthier, more affordable and diverse diet. Monday, 21 August - Room 27 (60) - 11:30 - 13:00 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Bringing human adaptive behavior into SES analysis from local to global scales Contributed session - Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Birgit Müller, Maja Schlüter, Nanda Wijermans Humans individually and collectively adapt their behavior to changing social and environmental conditions. They do this in diverse ways, following a variety of motivations while being embedded in specific social and ecological contexts. This adaptive behavior not only affects the future development of a social-ecological system (SES), it is also critical for the effectiveness of policy interventions or the response of a society to global change. However, diverse human responses to social-ecological change and their consequences are still largely neglected in analysis and modeling of SES or oversimplified. This session aims to investigate how we can better do justice to complex human behavior and build on diverse knowledge from the social sciences. It will provide examples from modeling human adaptive behavior in local natural resource management and in global studies. Contributed session oral presentation: How to model human behaviour in socio-ecological systems Gert Jan Hofstede Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands How to model human behaviour in socio-ecological systems Gert Jan Hofstede, 2016 12 21 Abstract for session “Bringing human adaptive behaviour into SES analysis from local to global scales”, Stockholm, 21-23 August 2017 When studying human behaviour, different scales yield different insights. All humans share human nature as social mammals whose lives are a ‘social game’ with strong status-power drives related to their position in their group, and their group’s position relative to other groups. Each group also creates its own ‘social landscape’: it differs from every other group in the rules of the social game, that is the fine details of these statuspower mechanisms. Thirdly, each individual differs from everybody else in personality, skills and personal history. For studying the dynamics of a socio-ecological system (SES), each of these levels is important. My thesis is that whereas the third is usually most prominent in models, it is the first that is most important. The emergent behaviour of our groups and societies depends more on our social nature than on our individual attributes. So for models of SES we need a comprehensive, if simplified, model of human nature, in particular status-power drives and group loyalties. This also requires cultural knowledge. Such a model could be re-used between models. Secondly, we need to map the generic model onto specific SES. This requires answering delineation questions such as: which groups exist? do ecological boundaries coincide with social ones? It also requires instantiation questions such as: which actions can signify agreement, discord, obedience, protest? The presentation will provide more detail about how to potentially model the three aggregation levels. Contributed session oral presentation: Exploring the variability in a social-ecological system caused by alternative formalizations of human decision making Wander Jager Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Arizona State University, PHOENIX, United States Groningen University, Groningen, Netherlands In the year 2000 we published a study on an integrated model where artificial consumers decided on how much to harvest from a fish-stock and gold mine to satisfy their needs (Jager, Janssen, De Vries, De Greef, & Vlek, 2000)). Unique of this approach was that agents were equipped with different needs (income, status, luxury and leisure) and different decision strategies driven by agents satisfaction and uncertainty levels. Four decision strategies were implemented: (1) repetition when satisfied and certain, (2) imitation when satisfied and uncertain, (3) optimising when dissatisfied and certain, and (4) inquiring when dissatisfied and uncertain. This approach allows for capturing for example habitual behaviour (repetition) and the social spreading of new behaviour due to arising uncertainty as a result of e.g. depleting fish-stocks. The results demonstrated that including assumptions on human behaviour based on a broad perspective of behavioural theory had considerable implications for the socio-ecological dynamics. We present in this presentation a simplified and more accessible version of the model, implemented in Netlogo, and provide a more elaborate sensitivity analysis how behavioral assumptions affect the dynamics of the system. Starting with homogeneous rational choice agents as a baseline run, our experiments will systematically explore the impacts of assumptions on (1) habitual behaviour, (2) social needs, i.e., conformity, anti-conformity and non-conformity and (3) social decision making as in imitation and inquiring. We will present the consequences of alternative behavioral assumptions on optimal policies to meet sustainable outcomes. Jager, W., Janssen, M. A., De Vries, H. J. M., De Greef, J., & Vlek, C. A. J. (2000). Behaviour in commons dilemmas: Homo Economicus and Homo Psychologicus in an ecological-economic model. Ecological Economics, 35, 357–380. Contributed session oral presentation: Models and theories. How to deal with human behavioural diversity in the use and management of common pool resources. Nanda Wijermans, Wijnand Boonstra Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden The use and management of common pool resources is constantly confronted with unexpected and unintended effects, because the interrelated social and ecological processes involved are inherently complex. Especially human behaviour has been earmarked as one major factor that creates uncertainty about scientific knowledge and management interventions. For this presentation, we focus on fisheries to outline the social-ecological complexity of common pool resource use and management, and ways to better understand it. Fisheries scientists, like many other (natural) scientists that analyse human behaviour, predominantly use models to explain and/or predict human behaviour. Models that include human behaviour tend to represent these dynamics exclusively with reference to profit maximising. The assumption of motivational homogeneity simplifies the contextuality and complexity of human behaviour. We argue that this assumption creates much of the uncertainty. There is a lot of evidence from social science studies that behavioural differences stem from differences in motivations, experiences, time and place. In this presentation, we want to use this knowledge to explore how scientific models used to understand and manage fisheries can account for motivational diversity. For this purpose, we will use as example a computational model of fishers’ behaviour that explicitly integrates motivational diversity. The model was constructed using the concept of fishing styles, i.e. general types diversity of motivations and practices based on empirical information about the Swedish Baltic Sea fishers. To account for diversity in behaviour in allows for contrasting and reflecting on the consequences different assumptions on human behaviour. We thus explore Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. what theoretical and methodological progress can be made to integrate social science knowledge into the analysis of social-ecological system and support of its management. Contributed session oral presentation: Combining Simulations, Social Science, and Stakeholder Engagement for Improved Social-Ecological Systems Analysis: Insights from a Pastoralist Landscape in Southern Ethiopia Lance W. Robinson 1, Gunnar Dressler 2, Birgit Müller 2, Niklas Hase 2 1 2 International Livestock Research Institute, Kenya, Kenya Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany In working toward more sophisticated approaches to social-ecological system (SES) analysis that take social science seriously, there is a need for empirical and analytical methods for understanding and analyzing the heterogeneity of people’s interests. Methods are also needed that take into account the interplay of institutions, organizations, networks, values, and practices which together perform the social function that is governance, as it is governance which mediates these conflicting interests in social systems. In this paper we present insights from a project that combined qualitative social science approaches, simulation modeling, and stakeholder engagement to do this. The project was carried out in Borena Zone in Southern Ethiopia, a place where livelihoods have traditionally been based on mobile livestock keeping, but where key pasture areas are being lost through a variety of factors including the expansion of crop cultivation into former communal pasture land. The motivation for pastoralists to engage in cultivation varies greatly, but results in the common impact of undermining livestock-based livelihoods yet further, resulting in a vicious cycle that may contribute to an erosion of resilience. Our attempt to bring an understanding of ongoing changes in governance, livelihoods, and SES dynamics into land use planning involved developing a multi-agent simulation model: Land Use Competition in Drylands (LUCID). The model takes into account the dynamic interactions between pastoralist livestock production and cropland expansion in a dryland grazing system. In addition, the work was also informed by the MoHuB (Modelling Human Behavior, Schlüter et al. 2017) framework for understanding the differing interests and needs of all actors involved. We present our experience of using analysis of land use within a landscape level SES to contribute to better-informed land use planning processes, and offer insights as to how this kind of approach might be used in other settings and at other scales. Contributed session oral presentation: Modelling the resilience of the global food system to shocks and trends. Roslyn Henry 1, Peter Alexander 1, Peter Anthoni 2, Almut Arneth 2, Thomas Pugh 2, 4, Sam Rabin 2 , Mark Rounsevell 1, 2 1 (1) School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, United Kingdom, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 2 (2) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research / Atmospheric Environmental Research, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 3 (3) Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, United Kingdom, Wallingford, United Kingdom 4 (4) School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom, Birmingham, United Kingdom Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Population growth, climate change, dietary shifts, agricultural intensification, and market globalisation are responsible for changes to the global food system. With an increasingly interconnected global food system the consequences of individual, institutional and governmental decisions can resonate across a variety of locations and scales. Coupled with increasing food demand, this gives rise to systemic risks, i.e. a lack of resilience. Shocks to the system, e.g. supply shocks in one or more major production regions, can be communicated geographically. A notable example of this was the 2007/08 food price spike, as well as the continued price volatility in food markets. Shocks, in the form of tipping points, also have the potential to generate irreversible changes in the food system state. To explore interactions occurring in the food system, no one part of the human-environmental system can be assessed in isolation. Coupled modeling efforts represent a potential strategy in this regard. Here we present the modelling approach and initial results of an effort to couple a new global food security model, PLUMv2, with a biologically-representative vegetation and crop production simulator, LPJ-GUESS, and the climate emulator IMOGEN. The coupled model will be used to better understand the resilience of food systems to a range of shocks and trends. Examples of this include governmental behaviours such as trade policies, changes in dietary patterns, extreme weather events, and crop pestilence. The food system’s resilience is measured by the effect of shocks on food prices and food availability. Furthermore, the spatially explicit nature of LPJ-GUESS-PLUM-IMOGEN allows for the resilience to shocks to be investigated at subnational, national, and global scales. Monday, 21 August - Room 33 (30) - 11:30 - 13:00 Understanding social-ecological systems through best practices in participatory modeling Contributed session - Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Laura Schmitt Olabisi The popularity of participatory modeling (PM) has grown in recent years with the acknowledgement that the inclusion of stakeholders and a variety of scientific perspectives are required to improve our understanding of the complexity of social-ecological systems. However, there are still questions about how different software tools common to PM can be used to facilitate learning among diverse groups and which approaches are more or less suitable given the nature of a community or issue. We suggest a “4P framework” for the field of PM and provide an overview of a range of tools available for socio-environmental modeling with stakeholders. Contributed session oral presentation: Purpose, Processes, Partnerships, and Products: 4Ps to advance Participatory Socio-Environmental Modeling Steven Gray 1, Alexey Voinov 2, Pierre Bommel 3, Christophe LePage 4, Laura Scmitt-Olabisi 1 1 Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands 3 CIRAD, San Jose, Costa Rica 4 CIRAD, University of Brasillia, Brasillia, Brazil 2 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Including stakeholders in environmental model building and analysis is an increasingly popular approach to understanding ecological and social change. This is because stakeholders often hold valuable knowledge about socio-environmental dynamics and collaborative forms of modeling produce important boundary objects used to collectively reason about environmental problems. Although the number of participatory modeling (PM) case studies and the number of researchers adopting these approaches has grown in recent years, the lack of standardized reporting and limited reproducibility have prevented PM’s establishment and advancement as a cohesive field of study. We suggest a four-dimensional framework (4P) that includes reporting on dimensions of: (1) the Purpose for selecting a PM approach (the why); (2) the Process by which the public was involved in model building or evaluation (the how); (3) the Partnerships formed (the who); and (4) the Products that resulted from these efforts (the what). We highlight four case studies that use common PM software-based approaches (fuzzy cognitive mapping, agent-based modeling, system dynamics, and participatory geospatial modeling) to understand humanenvironment interactions and the consequences of ecological and social changes, including bushmeat hunting in Tanzania and Cameroon, agricultural production and deforestation in Zambia, and groundwater management in India. We demonstrate how standardizing communication about PM case studies can lead to innovation and new insights about modelbased reasoning in support of natural resource policy development. We suggest that our 4P framework and reporting approach provides a way for new hypotheses to be identified and tested in the growing field of PM. Contributed session oral presentation: Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping with Mental Modeler: A software tool for collecting and standardizing stakeholder knowledge to understand social-ecological systems Steven Gray Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States There is a growing interest in the use of fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) as a participatory method for understanding social-ecological systems (SESs). In recent years, FCM has been used in a diverse set of contexts ranging from fisheries management to agricultural development, in an effort to generate transparent graphical models of complex systems that are useful for decision making, illuminate the core presumptions of environmental stakeholders, and structure environmental problems for scenario development. This increase in popularity is because of FCM’s bottom-up approach and its ability to incorporate a range of individual, communitylevel, and expert knowledge into an accessible and standardized format. This presentation will include 2 parts which include: (1) a brief overview of FCM as a participatory modeling approach and (2) a hands-on demonstration of the architecture and various uses of an FCM-based software program called Mental Modeler. By providing workshop participants with sample data and webbased access to the software on their computers, we will create models, run scenarios, discuss software functionality and discuss the benefits and limitations to FCM as a participatory modeling approach compared to other participatory modeling approaches available. Contributed session oral presentation: Playing with models. How to use Agent-Based Models with stakeholders for understanding social-ecological systems Pierre Bommel 1, 2, Marie-Paule Bonnet 4, 5, Grégoire Leclerc 1, Emilie Coudel 1, 3, Christophe Le Page 1 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 1 CIRAD, Green Research Unit, Montpellier, France UCR Universidad de Costa Rica, Cieda, San José, Costa Rica 3 Universidade de Brasilia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Brasilia, Brazil 4 IRD, UMR ESPACE-DEV, Montpellier, France 5 LMI OCE "Observatoire des changements environnementaux", UNB, Brasilia, Brazil 2 While science has long been regarded as the sole driver for development, it is nowadays acknowledged that inclusion of stakeholders and different scientific perspectives is required to improve our understanding on socio-ecological systems (SESs). To integrate various perceptions and knowledge, there is a growing interest for Agent-Based Models (ABMs) as participatory tools for understanding SESs and their likely evolutions. Because they are centered on individuals, ABMs enable the user of a simulation to visualize his system in a tangible way. Consequently, he can project himself in the simulated word by assuming the role of an agent. Because he can also observe the system at the global level, he can better understand the consequences of decisions and actions. Some experiments using ABMs combine autonomous processes with agents’ actions decided by the actors. Such “hybrid agent” simulations enable the stakeholders to interact with the model by modifying the behavior of the agents and the way they use the resources. Therefore, we can collectively explore scenarios to better understand how a desired situation may be reached. This may feed back into the collective design of the model. This talk will include two parts: (1) a brief overview of the ABMs and the pros and cons to use them with stakeholders as a participatory modeling approach and (2) an example of experiment with local communities in an Amazon floodplain in Brazil coping with global changes. A hands-on demonstration of this experiment will be available to the workshop participants to play with the model to better understand the advantages and the limits of such methodology. Beyond the technical and organizational considerations for designing and using such tools, we address the issue of power plays and of how to integrate in the process all the involved stakeholders while strengthening the capacities of the most vulnerable. Contributed session oral presentation: Selecting and integrating the right tools for the job Alexey Voinov UT-ITC, Enschede, Netherlands A variety of modeling tools and methods are used in participatory modeling. These include formal modeling methods based on computer simulations (System Dynamics, Agent Based Modeling, Bayesian methods, etc.) as well as soft methods based on conceptual modeling (Cognitive Mapping, Casual Loop Diagrams, Rich pictures, etc.). Choosing the right method and tool for a particular problem remains problematic and much too often is driven by the existing skills of researchers involved, not necessarily taking into account the specifics of the case study, the stakeholders involved and the geographic location of the area at stake. We suggest some guidelines for informed choices of methods and tools in participatory research, and also examine how these tools can be linked, how integrated models can be used with stakeholders. Engaging stakeholders in the modeling process is an efficient way to keep model complexity under control and to produce better and more useful models. Participatory modeling is a good way to synchronyze and integrate stakeholder knowledge, and to build more consensus, more ‘buy-in’ into the modeling results. In this case, models can also provide the necessary formalism to describe and integrate stakeholders perceptions and system conceptualizations. Still the tools and methods to integrate qualitative stakeholder models with quantitative computer simulations are rare and need improvement. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Contributed session oral presentation: A Hands-On Introduction to Participatory System Dynamics Modeling Laura Schmitt Olabisi Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States System dynamics is one of the quantitative modeling methods with the longest history of exploring stakeholder engagement through participatory model-building. Participatory system dynamics (SD) methods have been used in a wide range of fields, from health to governance to business management to environmental decision-making. Participatory SD incorporates the best aspects of system dynamics modeling—the ability to explore system behavior over time, incorporating feedback and non-linear dynamics; the ability to forecast future conditions under a variety of scenarios—with the advantages of participatory modeling (stakeholder empowerment and buy-in, incorporation of different viewpoints, experiences and information, etc.). While more time-consuming than traditional, expert-driven modeling approaches, participatory SD generates more robust conclusions while facilitating social learning and the questioning of unsupported beliefs and practices. This talk will consist of a brief (5-10 minutes) overview of key system dynamics concepts, and a demonstration of a participatory system dynamics model developed to address the root causes of deforestation in Zambia. We will follow this overview with a hands-on activity involving causal loop diagramming (CLD), a systems analysis tool that can be used on its own or in combination with computer simulation modeling (25-30 minutes). Participants will have the opportunity to construct CLDs in small groups of 5-6 people, aided by the facilitator. We will then debrief the experience (5-10 minutes) and talk about its potential usefulness and challenges in addressing problems of interest to the session attendees. Monday, 21 August - C3 (180) - 11:30 - 13:00 Building Resilience in New York City: Lessons and Progress Since Hurricane Sandy Contributed session - Social-ecological transformations for sustainability Chair/s: Timon McPhearson In October 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused severe destruction and disruption on the Eastern U.S. eastern seaboard with massive impacts on New York City. Economic, infrastructure, ecological and social damages were vast. In response the City of New York established an Office of Recovery and Resilience. In this session we will provide updates on the multiple climate driven hazards facing NYC, municipal and neighborhood level resilience building since Sandy, and a social-ecological-technical systems approach to enhance future resiliency efforts. We expect this session to result in knowledge sharing between cities, and researchers across the multiple urban domains. We will focus on the importance of multi-level and multi-sectoral transformation to improve neighborhood and system-level resilience to climate driven pressures affecting coastal cities around the world. Speakers will give short presentations designed to illustrate researcher, policymaker, and local practitioner perspectives to compare NYC insights with other cities actions around the world. Contributed session oral presentation: Future-Proofing the Metropolis: A Landscape Systems-Based Approach Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Jennifer Bolstad Local Office Landscape and Urban Design, Brooklyn, United States The New School Parsons School of Design, New York, United States How do sustainability and resiliency overlap and diverge in the urban landscape? Through a variety of urban design and landscape precedent projects, this session will explore landscapesystems-based strategies for identifying and addressing urban vulnerabilities, including climate volatility and sea level rise. Project precedents include sites in the three coastal urban islands of New York: Coney Island, the Rockaway peninsula, and the city of Long Beach. Methods of inquiry presented will include terrain-scale systems analyses and forensic ecology. Project precedents will showcase the multiple benefits – economic, cultural, social – of a landscapesystems-based approach to designing resilient cities. Participants will be able to: - Distinguish between ‘sustainable’ and ‘resilient’ project initiatives and evaluate how each adds value to the project. - Describe how remote-sensing technologies, including LiDAR and GIS, can be used to identify gaps and vulnerabilities in urban structure. - Cite examples of design strategies derived from forensic ecology analysis, and discuss the multiple benefits of adapting living systems to create protective urban infrastructure. - Translate Passive House concepts into landscape and urban-scaled strategies for energy conservation, through manipulation of microclimate. Contributed session oral presentation: The Role of Design in Community Organization, Policy Leadership, and Capacity-Building Walter Meyer Local Office Landscape and Urban Design, Brooklyn, United States The New School University, Parsons School of Design, New York, United States In the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, our design firm temporarily transitioned to a humanitarian capacity, working on the ground in the coastal urban Rockaway peninsula in Queens, New York, to build and install small-scale alternative energy infrastructure. Shopping-cart-sized solar arrays provided hubs for charging phones, laptops and power tools, allowing the community to organize, pool resources, and begin the process of self-healing. The project grew into a large-scale alternative energy rollout in businesses throughout the Rockaways, demonstrating the multiple benefits of rebuilding with resilient infrastructure. The systems installed thus far have successfully operated uninterrupted through disturbances, and the businesses are saving money compared to traditional energy sources, which contribute further to climate change and sea level rise. Implementation of resilient systems depends heavily on policy updates, especially in a jurisdiction with such complex and multi-stakeholder building codes as New York City, and even more so when relying on Federal, State and City funding sources. Our work in alternative energy and in landscape-based protective infrastructure has given us a platform to lead these policy shifts, working in concert with the coastal communities to envision a more resilient future. Contributed session oral presentation: Building Institutional Capacity for Resilience in New York City’s Jamaica Bay Adam Parris 1, Lesley Patrick 2, Maya Buchanan 3 1 2 Science and Resilience Institute at Jamaica Bay, Brooklyn, United States Science and Resilience Institute at Jamaica Bay, Brooklyn, United States Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 3 Woodrow Wilson School of Public & International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, United States Jamaica Bay is one of the most important landscapes in an important global city—the City of New York (NYC). It contains 10,000 acres of undeveloped parklands, the majority of which (~70%) are a part of the US National Parks system, drawing over 3.8 million visitors in 2015 and providing habitat for hundreds of species. Urbanization has replaced much of Jamaica Bay’s ecological system with a complex fabric of infrastructure and land use. It is home to John F. Kennedy International airport (JFK), which helped transport approximately 1.3 billion tons of goods and 52.3 million people through the metro region in 2014 alone. Meanwhile, people living around Jamaica Bay are disproportionately exposed and vulnerable to climate change impacts, as evidenced in the wake of Hurricane Sandy. From a social, ecological, and technological standpoint, Jamaica Bay is recovering from and embarking on transformation. City and federal plans focus on adaptive management and restoration of people and ecosystems. New green and gray infrastructure continue to help improve water quality and reduce coastal flood risk. And, communities are seeking participation in implementing those plans. The Science and Resilience Institute at Jamaica Bay represents a commitment to integrated knowledge and action collaboratively governed by scientists, communities, and public agencies. The Institute faces common challenges in bringing resilience and sustainability into the publicprivate discourse. There is an urgent need for proof of concept and transferable lessons, despite the complexity of large cities. Transformation in Jamaica Bay requires thinking, acting, and choosing differently, which is challenging given human nature. Behavioral research in the Bay suggests small preparedness actions in response to coastal flooding come at the expense of more extensive adaptation actions. Cognitive and behavioral shifts require time and a sustained and iterative relationship between science, society, and government, to build capacity for lasting institutional change. Contributed session oral presentation: The Challenge for Climate Resilience In New York City: Impacts of 140 years of climate hazards and current multi-hazard risk Timon McPhearson, Yaella Depietri Urban Ecology Lab, Environmental Studies Program, The New School, New York City, United States New York City has not historically been viewed as a particularly hazard prone region. However, this perspective is changing. After the disastrous consequences of Hurricane Sandy and the potential increase in impacts due to current and future climate change public, awareness is growing. Higher temperatures and extreme heat, intense precipitation events, and rising sea levels driving coastal flooding are threatening city residents and its many forms of infrastructure, including buildings, roads, schools, hospitals, and transport systems. We comprehensively review the hazardscape of New York City and empirically demonstrate the semi-regular occurrence of natural hazards over the last 140 years, with an increase in hazards over the more recent past. We also analyze current multi-hazard risk including from coastal flooding, inland flooding, and heat waves in a spatially explicit approach to examine the cumulative risk that the city faces. We use a broad set of socio-economic and environmental indicators to assess hazards and vulnerability of the city inhabitants at high spatial resolution. Analysis incorporates local expert opinions to weight indicators. Results identify spatial hotspots of multi-hazard risk to demonstrate where investment is needed to effectively plan, manage, and create policy for building resilience to climate and hydro-meteorological extreme events. Further, we demonstrate how vulnerable populations, affected by multiple hazards, could benefit in a variety of ways through green infrastructure and other ecosystem-based Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. adaptation strategies that reduce exposure and provide opportunities for coping, adaptation and disaster risk reduction solutions while providing co-benefits to meet city goals such as improved livability. Contributed session oral presentation: Risk Management Transition in New York City’s Coastal Areas William Solecki, Erin Friedman City University of New York - Hunter College, New York, United States Ongoing climate change is encouraging cities to reevaluate their risk management strategies. Urban communities increasingly are being forced to respond to climate shifts with actions that promote resistance, resilience, or even larger scale transformations. The objective of this presentation is to present a conceptual framework that facilitates examination of how the transition from one type of risk management strategy or regime to another takes place. A case study of post-Hurricane Sandy New York is used to illustrate the framework and its overall effectiveness. The empirical work focuses on disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation responses to coastal storm surge risk and dynamic sea level rise and to what extent policy transitions are underway in New York, generally, and the areas of Jamaica Bay and Raritan Bay specifically. The research framework which utilizes resilience theory and political ecology approaches as its analytical base is built around a set of assumptions regarding the process of transition between risk management regimes and includes five basic conceptual elements: (1) Risk management regimes, (2) Development pathways, (3) Activity spheres, (4) Activity spaces, and (5) Root, contextual and proximate drivers. The interaction amongst these elements and the potential for transition between four different possible regime states including resistance, resilience, transformation, and collapse are presented. The framework facilitates and guides analysis on whether and how transition is emergent, constrained or accelerated in specific contexts. The results indicate that the local physical and social limits play a significant role in defining conditions for transitions. Discussion is provided on how the framework and lessons learned can be translated to other cities and contexts. Contributed session oral presentation: The Northern Manhattan Climate Action Plan Aurash Khawarzad WE ACT for Environmental Justice, The New School, Brooklyn, United States The Northern Manhattan Climate Action Manual (NMCA) is a project of WE ACT for Environmental Justice to build local resilience to the impacts of climate change. WE ACT has been working for 25 years to address the disproportionate impacts of waste treatment facilities, transportation infrastructure, and other aspects of the built environment. Since 2015 WE ACT has been leading a participatory planning process (NMCA) that addresses the environmental justice impacts of climate change, including, but not limited to, impacts on low-income housing, disparities in access to clean air and water, regressive economic impacts, and more. The New York City Panel on Climate Change (an advising partner for the NMCA) defines resilience as “the ability of a system and its component parts to anticipate, absorb, accommodate, or recover from the effects of a potentially hazardous event in a timely and efficient manner.” The NMCA combines this standard definition of environmental resilience with that of social resilience, which is the ability of groups or communities to cope with external stresses and disturbances as a result of social, political, and environmental change. For Environmental justice communities meeting this definition of resilience requires major reforms to our economic and political Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. systems. Without better representation in our government and greater access to material resources, many communities will only become more impoverished as climate changes makes it more difficult to have affordable housing, reliable transportation, healthy food, and stable employment, among other things. Creating resilience means overcoming those existing obstacles before they become liabilities to climate change. The NMCA plans have been developed with countless partners including over 100 community members and other partners, such as The New School and New York City Government. The NMCA presented a comprehensive vision for climate justice in August of 2015. Since then working groups comprised of local residents have been working on projects for better energy systems, green infrastructure, emergency services, and much more. Monday, 21 August - Room 34 (30) - 11:30 - 13:00 Open Up: Tackling Framing Effects of Dominant Knowledge Systems in Transformations Contributed session - Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Cristina Apetrei, Maja Goepel Humans use knowledge and value systems (paradigms, worldviews, mindsets, mental maps) to make sense of the world and to act purposefully. However, most often than not, the cognitive, affective and social rules by which decisions are made remain implicit, while cultural frames provide shortcuts for explanations and rationalizations. In this session we bring together theory and practice to unravel the tacit assumptions that have so far dominated sustainability discourses, and to highlight the potential of alternative mindsets for bringing about peaceful futures. We present various frameworks, methods and technological advances that may catalyze a Great Mindshift for governing the Anthropocene. Contributed session oral presentation: Participatory Indicator Work as a Key to Reflective Practice and Pathways Work: A Case Study on Perceptions of Progress from Africa Justine Braby Progress Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia The underlying narrative that rapid economic growth will bring prosperity to all Africans needs to be questioned, urgently. Many countries on the continent are showing fast GDP growth, but this has not related to access to basic services, increased quality of life, and this development model has had devastating effects on the ecosystem services and biodiversity of these countries. Very little has been done on capturing African citizen world views and alternative narratives. Deep dialogue has been underrated in collecting and learning from citizen (local, national and global) narratives about progress and what it means to lead a successful life. Participatory indicator work in Namibia, as well as collecting narratives on the theme of 'Africans Thriving', is ongoing work that has brought about many lessons learned from experiencing with dialogue during traditional rituals. Participatory approaches through creating open spaces of equal power and respect has shown that many citizens put value on social systems that are undervalued and being lost along the path of rapid production and consumption. This session will be in the form of a visual story-telling-style presentation, and highlights the alternative mindsets and their Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. potential for the imagination on and bringing about peaceful futures. How are the narratives shaped? What are they? How closely are they linked to the SDGs? What values do citizens place on each other, ecosystems, commodities? What lessons have we learned from our approach? These are some of the key questions that the session will focus on. Contributed session oral presentation: Simulation games as tools for handling cognitive and social complexity in the context of sustainability transition Piotr Magnuszewski International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria Centre for Systems Solutions, Wroclaw, Poland Fostering sustainability transitions in our interconnected world requires keen appreciation and incorporation of the many ways in which the frames, beliefs, norms, decisions and interactions of today shape the pathways and possibilities for tomorrow. While substantial progress has been made in understanding the natural environment, we are far from grasping the critical elements of stakeholder cognitive and decision-making processes that underpin coupled human-natural systems. Many important aspects of these interactions are linked with the so called “frames” and framing. In the interest of computational tractability, the majority of modeling and analysis methods adopt simplified behavioral assumptions at the expense of empirical realism. For systems analysis to offer actionable policy insights to the complex challenges of sustainability transitions it is evident that our methods and tools must better incorporate the complexity of human cognition, deliberation, and decision-making. This contribution will present the use of a social simulation (or ‘serious game’ or ‘policy exercise’) as a new method to understand stakeholder cognition and resulting interaction. The method can be applied both from the perspective of an external observer (research) or, alternatively, as a collective self-reflection process leading to the understanding of unspoken assumptions guiding decisions and action. Simulation games have a unique potential to expand the understanding of stakeholder dynamics, teasing out behavioral pitfalls that may prevent effective collaboration, coordination, and collective action necessary to foster transition towards sustainability. Examples will be given of using games where stakeholders face sustainability transition challenges. Contributed session oral presentation: The Great Mindshift. How a New Economic Paradigm and Sustainability Transformations go Hand in Hand Maja Goepel Wuppertal Institut, Berlin, Germany In essence, sustainable development has always been a radical agenda whose definition involved a paradigm shift: the integration of economic, environmental, and social knowledge and concerns. Yet, instead of a transcending intergation most solutions were pursued with a subjugation of social and environmental concerns by the dominant economic frames and ideas for development . Political economists (Polanyi 1947, Gramsci 1971, Cox 1994, Raskin et.al 2002) and transformation scholars (Leach at.al 2010, Wiek et.al 2016, Goepel 2016) argue that without tackling the hegemonic ‘system framing’ as well - the knowledge that actors in the political process apply - solutions will rather consolidate the status quo than bring about transformative change. In the case of sustainability the economic lens is blind to the qualitative characteristics of both of its key concerns, nature and human needs. Thus primarily applying the mainstream economic lens in the appraisal of policies and/or technologies was often part of Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. perpetuating or even reinforcing unsustainable development trends. Many development and ecological economists have pointed this out before, but only since the financial crises brought the criticism into the hegemonic framing itself, the economics discipline, do we see a renewed window for a paradigm shift. This paper highlights key assumptions in mainstream economics that create blind spots with regard to understanding nature and human needs and highlights which alternative views seem to consolidate themselves across different movements like Beyond GDP, a Common Good Economy, Transition Towns or Commoning. It discusses these as system framings that would be fit for finding policies and technologies for sustainable futures and closes by arguing that paradigm shifting work should be considered an expertise in itself. Contributed session oral presentation: Open up your Box! Storytelling with and without Systems Modelling Erik Pruyt Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands Simulation runs generated with computer models have since 1972 been used as scenarios about un/sustainable development. These computer models, which consist of explicit assumptions, have influenced many people’s minds regarding the limits to growth of our world – although not everyone’s mind. Some have criticized the inner logic of these glass-box models, the limited spectrum of modes of behavior these models could generate, and the recommendations based on these simulation studies. Since 1972, the field of modelling and simulation has evolved though. Today it would be easier to deal with criticisms of old. Useful developments in the field of modelling and simulation in that respect are among else the move towards modelling at a lower level of aggregation, the possibility to include alternative perspectives and assumptions and simulate under deep uncertainty, the automated identification and selection of sets of maximally diverse scenarios, and the geo-spatial animation of simulation runs. Together these developments enable one to generate and identify the most diverse sets of plausible scenarios. If done well, model-generated sets of scenarios enhance one’s “capacity to imagine futures that are not based on hidden, unexamined […] assumptions about present and past systems” (WSSR, 2013: 8). The combination of narratives and geo-spatial animations based on these scenarios allows for visually enhanced storytelling. In this presentation, state-of-the-art modelling and simulation as well as animation techniques will be used to tell visually enhanced stories about the effects of alternative knowledge systems on sustainable development, which will be shown to help in facilitating mind shifts for sustainability transformations. Contributed session oral presentation: All Systems Go! Developing a Generation of “Systems-Smart” Kids Linda Booth Sweeney Balaton Group, Concord, United States Much of Western education has remained focused on discrete disciplines—for example, math, science, and English. Science is taught in one class. The bell rings. The student moves on to math and then perhaps to English, and never the twain shall meet. Such a fragmented approach reinforces the notion that knowledge is made up of many unrelated parts, leaving students welltrained to cope with obstacles or technical-based problems but less prepared to explore and understand complex systems issues. In this age of the Anthropocene, how can education— whether in school, on a farm, in a lab, or at the kitchen table—enable the next generations to live sustainably and navigate the radical changes they are inheriting? We don’t a specialized degree to answer this question. Common sense tells us that to understand human impact on Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Earth’s systems we need to understand systems. The question becomes: how can young people develop systems-based skills and “habits of mind”? How can they look for recurring patterns of relationships across subjects and situations; making systems visible through maps and models,; anticipating how the functioning of a living system will change if a part or a process is changed, assuming that nothing stands in isolation; and looking for causes and consequences in a slew of interconnected systems, including families, schools, local economies, the environment, and more? The good news is that systems education is happening in schools, nature centers, community meeting rooms, board rooms, and even on playgrounds. In this session we’ll investigate the emerging state of systems education including the new face of earth systems science, the rise of Education for Sustainability, pioneering systems-based curricula, the teacher as systems thinker, innovative out-of-school learning and application opportunities, and the growing demand for corporate and non-profit “systems leadership.” Monday, 21 August - Room 32 (30) - 11:30 - 13:00 Resilience Praxis - engaging academics and development practitioners in the co-creation of resilience frameworks and guidelines for development practice. Contributed session - Social-ecological transformations for sustainability Chair/s: Cynthia Neudoerffer, Michael Salomons While resilience as a general concept has been widely embraced by the international development community, few practical end-to-end frameworks exist to guide the integration of resilience into the assessment, design, implementation, and M&E of development projects at a practical level. In many cases, business-as-usual development is simply re-labelled as 'building resilience' and resilience is reduced to simply 'bouncing back from shocks'. However, for many vulnerable communities around the world, mired in mal-adaptive systems and caught up in endless cycles of a poverty trap, resilience needs to embody sustainable transformations to new paths of abundance. This session will bring together resilience theorists with development practitioners to first present several resilience frameworks and then engage in hands-on small groups to discuss these frameworks, with the objective to critique, refine, and translate into a concrete set of guidelines for development practitioners to use in the field. Contributed session oral presentation: Resilience Praxis - a framework for development practice Cynthia Neudoerffer Canadian Foodgrains Bank, Winnipeg, Canada Resilience as a general concept has been widely embraced by the international development community. While the importance of the concept of resilience is not questioned, we have had significant pushback from our development colleagues in trying to apply resilience in a development context. This is partly because of the phenomenon of new ideas gathering interest and excitement amongst development practitioners and theorists and supplanting older but equally valid and important ideas; and partly because of concerns that in some cases standard development practice is simply re-labelled as ‘resilience building’ without engaging with the importance and value of resilience as a complex systems attribute; and partly because few practical end-to-end frameworks exist to guide the integration of resilience into development Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. practice. In this session we will be presenting our framework for how we are working to integrate resilience into our development work. The overall work and mandate of the Canadian Foodgrains Bank is focused on strengthening food security amongst vulnerable populations, through food assistance, nutrition, and agricultural and livelihoods programming. Our framework is based on an understanding that this food security needs to be based not only on resilient foodscapes, but also foodscapes that are productive, sustainable, and equitable. To assist with achieving these objectives, we start with a systems assessment of the local foodscape which focuses on these four areas. This assessment is critical to determining when and where it is most appropriate to focus on immediate coping, or to focus more on adaptation or transformation of the local foodscape. In most cases, projects integrate elements of at least two, for example, a multi-year project might use developmental food assistance to help communities cope with immediate food insecurity needs, but integrated with sustainable resource management and agricultural innovation activities to help communities adapt to climatic challenges, such as drought. We will illustrate the framework with several examples drawn from our portfolio of funded projects. Contributed session oral presentation: Challenging the development intervention paradigm in Paraguay through a resilience approach – utopia or feasible? Robin Dirks GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit) Paraguay - Cooperación Alemana, Asunción, Paraguay Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, Sweden First development interventions in Paraguay date back almost 50 years. The country is still amongst the least developed countries of South-America with one of the highest rates of wealthinequality. On the countryside there are poverty rates of up to 50%. Major problems of rural farming systems are soil degradation and a lacking access to public services, information and technical expertise, leading to food insecurity and migration. Previous development interventions introducing practices of Conservation Agriculture to increase production and income achieved decent results, but adoption rates dropped after the project finished. Little long-term impact is a common challenge of development interventions. With a new approach the GIZ in Paraguay addresses lessons learnt. Major guiding questions of the project are: What measures support a change of the development intervention paradigm from a charity-based, centralized top-down approach toward collaborative, co-creative, decentralized forms of organization? How can personal resilience be strengthened? What metrics are pertinent and salient to measure impact? The project works on four lines of action, intervening in fifteen of the poorest rural districts: 1.) Institutional cooperation (communication and learning) 2.) Public and private services (quality and access) 3.) Agricultural insurances (capacity building, strategy development) 4.) Income diversification (improvement of education quality and access) Personal resilience is defined as the ability to cope with and learn from adverse situations to advance strengthened. The goal is to provide an environment that promotes the capacities of related stakeholders to absorb, adapt and transform in the face of adversity and to learn from it to improve proper wellbeing. Building on experiences up till now, we will propose five key principles to a resilience approach beyond “business as usual”. Contributed session oral presentation: Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Resilience Practice, Research and Learning in Complex Developing Environments: The Dynamic Resilience Wheel (DReW) Angelica V Ospina 1, Garrett Schiche 2 1 Senior Researcher, Resilience Program, International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), Ottawa, Canada 2 Director of Program Quality, Lutheran World Relief (LWR), Baltimore, United States Despite a growing number of resilience initiatives and research, there is still a tangible gap between resilience theory/conceptualization and development practice in the Anthropocene. This gap often translates into a weak or superficial integration of resilience principles in development initiatives, and into a poor understanding of the human-environmental interactions that take place in complex developing environments. The need for innovative trans-disciplinary approaches for understanding complex systems dynamics is particularly pressing for NGOs working in resilience building initiatives in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Yet, little attention has been paid to creative approaches and methods implemented by development practitioners to address sustainability challenges, to engage local partners in the co-creation of knowledge, and to explore opportunities to achieve resilience outcomes. This presentation will examine the Dynamic Resilience Wheel (DReW), a novel method and online tool designed for development practitioners to explore, experiment and learn from different combinations of ‘resilience components’ across multiple dynamic layers, in order to strengthen resilience programming. Based on academic research on resilience theory and through participatory methods, the DReW provides practitioners with a new perspective for addressing key resilience questions, deepening the understanding of social-ecological interactions, and strengthening the capacities needed for resilience building in vulnerable contexts (https://lwr.org/what-we-do/resilience/wheel). A pilot of the DReW was implemented by Lutheran World Relief, an international NGO, in a transboundary resilience project in Nepal/India, suggesting that understanding the key components of resilience thinking can help project stakeholders engage more deeply in processes of reflection and learning, while integrating local knowledge in the analysis of resilience data. This involves ensuring a robust understanding of the concept of resilience, of socio-ecological feedbacks and interactions, and of the way in which they translate into development practice. Further lessons, opportunities and limitations of this approach will be explored from a research and a practitioner’s perspective. Contributed session oral presentation: Re-learning Resilience Jonathan Stone 1, Joshua Smith 1, Oenone Chadburn 1, Idzai Murimba 1, Stanley Hanya 2, Dora Piscoi 1 1 2 Tearfund, London, United Kingdom Evangelical Fellowship Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe Most NGOs, ours included, have adopted a rhetoric of resilience-building, however the reality suggests often that interventions result in incremental adaptations at best, and at worst reinforce cultures of dependency. There is thus a chasm between the ideas of ‘transformation’ and ‘learning’ often associated with resilience and the reality that many ‘resilience’ programmes are business as usual, re-labeled. NGOs have learnt to be very effective at this, accessing and winning grants in this way and even generating stories of transformational change. This can be conceptualised as a single loop of learning (reacting), which returns to the standard practice, resulting in change that can not keep pace with the shocks and stresses faced by the poor. Many advocate for a reframing of interventions (second loop of learning), and our analysis suggests that exploring issues of risk, uncertainty or change, provides a good stimulus for this. Various Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. tools exist for exploring these at different scales, but a critical review of them suggests that they often do not create spaces for learning, thought to be essential for resilience. We will present evidence of pilot projects that attempt to move from reaction to reframing through participatory workshops that created spaces for communities to identify and address issues that they prioritise and resource. The results were communal solutions to address vulnerabilities and their underlying drivers. However embedding this reframing as a new form of programming requires a third loop of learning (re-learning), where change is created through continuous learning, action and reflection. Through interviews and observation we have identified that a barrier to the third loop is a culture where critical reflection is often absent, which limits reflective and reflexive learning. This presentation intends to stimulate critical reflection, describing the reality of the challenges faced by NGOs wanting to take part in resilience building processes. Contributed session oral presentation: ESPA Insights into Resilience and Wellbeing: Research Frontiers for Sustainable Development Tomas Chaigneau 1, Katrina Brown 1, Sarah Coulthard 2, Tim Daw 3, Björn Schulte-Herbrüggen 3 1 College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter, FALMOUTH, United Kingdom Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom 3 Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 2 The concepts of wellbeing and resilience are centre stage in debates on how to achieve sustainable development alongside the eradication of poverty, and have both been touted as ‘new development paradigms’. We seek to identify they have been applied in recent research on ecosystem services and poverty reduction, how they might relate to each other and how they inform contemporary development. The Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation programme (ESPA), a joint programme of UK’s NERC, ESRC and DFID has funded international interdisciplinary research over the last decade, which seeks to promote the sustainable use of ecosystems in a way that contributes to poverty alleviation and to inclusive and sustainable growth. As the programme comes to a close we utilise and review this large body of research from more than 100 collaborative projects that advances knowledge on ecosystem services and their relationship with poverty. Through a combined synthesis of ESPA science, which focuses on the wellbeing-resilience contribution of key findings and learning, we seek to answer core questions which guide resilience thinking and are a critical dilemma for current development policy: How can resilience building strategies affect well-being and of whom? What are the trade-offs between resilience and well-being approaches? Our research addresses the criticism that resilience thinking should take greater account of how adaptation strategies, which can build greater resilience, affect wellbeing outcomes, recognizing the tradeoffs and decision-making that are involved in negotiating different pathways. Similarly, wellbeing needs the dynamic element that resilience provides as most wellbeing and poverty analyses describe the conditions of being poor rather than the consequences of change and how or why the conditions exist. ESPA science can inform the dynamics of sustainability. We argue that the interplay between wellbeing and resilience can offer opportunities for informing sustainable development in the face of global unprecedented changes. Contributed session oral presentation: Governing ecosystem services for building resilience in food security Arlène ALPHA 1, Abigaïl FALLOT 2, Sandrine DURY 3, Denis GAUTIER 4, François BOUSQUET 2 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 1 Cirad, UMR Moisa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Cirad, UR Green, Montpellier, France 3 Cirad, UMR Moisa, Montpellier, France 4 Cirad, UR F&S, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 2 Food is a very basic human need which can’t be met without nature and the ecosystem services it provides. In West Africa, a large part of the population is chronically food insecure and affected by recurrent crises while natural resources are under pressure. Strengthening resilience of food insecure people, villages or countries has then become the watchword of donors and policymakers involved in the food security field. The Global Alliance for Resilience (AGIR) in Sahel and West Africa launched in 2012 has led to many projects aiming at better linking emergency and development, and to many works focusing on the analysis and the measurement of resilience so as to assess the results of projects. Resilience indicators tend to emphasize endowments ("capitals") and their respective evolutions, while resilience-thinking would highlight how this dynamic interconnect. In this communication, we aim to go beyond the framework of development projects and debates on resilience metrics, to discuss how people in West Africa use natural resources for their food and nutrition security in face of diverse shocks and long term constraints. What strategies are adopted at individual, household and collective level to build a socio-environmental context that maintains or increases the capacity of natural resources to contribute to food and nutrition security? How multi-levels governance on access and use of natural resources and the power relationships affect these strategies? Burkina Faso is our field to study the evolution of farm households’ strategies over the medium and long term, and how particular events in governance have affected these trajectories. We highlight the key role of natural vegetation, fallows and parklands in food and nutrition security as well as how learning processes serve to build strategies aiming at preserving this role. Monday, 21 August - Room 21 (30) - 11:30 - 13:00 Using big data to understand marine social-ecological systems: challenges, opportunities, and frontiers Contributed session - Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Elena Finkbeiner, Stephanie Green When combined with specific criteria for action, data science products – characterized by increased data volume and variety, and the velocity at which it is acquired –can help us understand key drivers of change and enable managers to better understand human-environment dynamics and make decisions. Yet applying data science to marine social-ecological systems has received relatively less attention compared with terrestrial systems to date. By bringing together a diverse group of leaders to discuss their perspectives and visions for the future of data science in an ocean context, this symposium seeks to advance our knowledge around leveraging big data to manage marine social-ecological systems. The session has been coordinated by the chairs, Angee Doerr and Lisa Wedding. Contributed session oral presentation: The role of the SESMAD project in the analysis of marine social-ecological systems Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Michael Cox Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States The subject of this talk will be the role of the SESMAD project in the analysis of marine socialecological systems. The SESMAD (Social-Ecological Systems Meta-Analysis Database) project was developed to facilitate consistent data collection across diverse social and ecological contexts. At the core of this project is a flexible, relational database that stores information regarding the key variables to be analyzed, the values that are measured for these variables in specific systems, and the theories that the analyses of the resulting data are aimed to test. In this talk the structure of the database and its online interface (sesmad.dartmouth.edu) will be discussed, as will its applicability to the analysis of social-ecological systems in general and marine systems in particular. Additionally, lessons learned from this project will be used to examine its relationship to the theme of “big data” utilization for the analysis of marine socialecological systems. This talk is intended to be part of a panel on this topic, entitled “Using big data to understand marine social-ecological systems: challenges, opportunities, and frontiers.” Specific questions that will be discussed include: (1) how can we capture enough complexity in our representations of each social-ecological system while ensuring that these representations are comparable; (2) do “big data” approaches systematically favor the measurement and analysis of some types of variables over others; and (3) what are the most effective social and technological infrastructures for a highly comparative approach to research on marine system governance? Contributed session oral presentation: The global information system on small-scale fisheries: A crowdsourced and transdisciplinary knowledge platform Ratana Chuenpagdee 1, Maricela de la Torre Castro 2 1 2 Memorial University, St. John's, Canada Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Information about small-scale fisheries (SSF) is often scarce and scattered. This is partly due to insufficient attention on this sector, whose contribution to society is often assumed to be negligible. It also results from SSF being highly diverse, with complex patterns of harvest and post-harvest activities, taking place in a wide range of aquatic environments, and often in remote areas. Existing fisheries information systems fail to capture the characteristics and essence of SSF, resulting in a lack of integrated and up-to-date data that further marginalizes the sector in policymaking and governance. To help rectify the situation and embracing a transdisciplinary perspective, the Too Big To Ignore project developed the Information System on Small-scale Fisheries (ISSF), a Web-based, open data portal collecting and disseminating knowledge on various aspects of SSF. This paper describes the conception of ISSF and its key features, and presents some results extracted from the analysis of ISSF data, illustrating the importance of such a global database on SSF. Contributed session oral presentation: Social-ecological analysis for critical sustainability challenges: some examples and reflections Beatrice Crona Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, Royal Academy of Science, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected and sectors become more intertwined, traditional disciplinary methods for analyzing societal challenges no longer suffice. Instead, we need analyses that account for both social and environmental components and dynamics simultaneously. This presentation will use a selection of studies to exemplify how this can be done, using various types of dataset (from environmental to social and economic), and addressing different kinds of questions of relevance for SES dynamics at various scales. Specifically I will use three examples; i) Identification of links between the global financial sector and Earth System dynamics, ii) Structure and implications of global seafood trade for sustainability, and iii) Understanding governance outcomes by combining analysis of networks structures in social and ecological systems. Given the emphasis of ‘Big Data’ on variety and diversity of data I will briefly explore the role of boundary organizations as key platforms for facilitating the emergence of the cross-disciplinary/sectoral dialogue necessary for these kinds of analyses and collaborations, highlighting both challenges and opportunities. Contributed session oral presentation: A novel approach to interactions between people and oceanic pelagic organisms Larry Crowder 1, Sara Maxwell 2 1 2 Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Monterey, CA 93940, Monterey, United States Old Dominion University, Norfolk, United States Dynamic Ocean Management is an emerging approach that recognizes that the marine ecosystem changes over time in three dimensions and that organisms, including people, respond to these dynamics. Most management approaches to interactions with pelagic organisms are static. New modeling approaches allow us to integrate real time data on ocean dynamics with animal movement data to predict animal movements at a variety of scales and to enhance our understanding as to what likely drives these movements. Here we show a variety of applications to reducing bycatch of charismatic megafauna in fisheries and to reduce ship strikes of cetaceans. Projections can be made in near real time to decades in the future, allowing us to understand the life-history of ocean pelagics, the potential to mobile marine protected areas, and the responses to ocean pelagics to climate change. We also present preliminary results of the California swordfish fishery as a case study to illustrate the approach. Contributed session oral presentation: The role of boundary organizations in facilitating the use of big data for ocean resource management Lisa Wedding, Angee Doerr Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Monterey, United States Many of the challenges facing the ocean today - climate change, invasive species, fisheries distribution – are associated with big data. In order to address these challenges, decisionmakers need relevant big data sets synthesized and distilled in order to make timely and impactful decisions. The application of big data to ocean issues is growing, with a variety of analytics now applied to complex questions about marine ecosystem state and resource use. Large, longterm and multidisciplinary datasets provide a historic view and a predictive capacity that allow policymakers to see a more holistic picture of the state of the ocean and environmental change over space and time. Growing interest in applying the data revolution to the oceans means that underutilized data streams and historic databases are now becoming increasingly relevant. Boundary organizations can play a key role in synthesizing, distilling and translating big data outputs in order to link the best available science to policy. This presentation will evaluate the Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. role of boundary organizations in the value chain of big data and discuss how such organizations are uniquely poised to help align users' needs to research questions and data collection. We will also discuss the challenges and opportunities related to the incorporation of a variety of data types, from stakeholder knowledge to natural and social scientific knowledge, into large datasets that ultimately inform policy solutions to complex ocean problems. Monday, 21 August - Floor 3, LANDING - 13:05 - 13:20 Yoga Pop-up event Before settling into your lunch, take 15 minutes to stretch and breathe between long periods of sitting down and thinking. Get back into your body and rejuvenate your brain! Suitable for everyone. No special equipment or prior experience needed. Clothing in which you can move freely recommended. Begins 5 minutes into the lunch break. With Michelle Dyer Monday, 21 August - Floor 2 - 13:30 - 13:45 In between Som’ Town Art session - Guided tour Rising tensions around migration globally is placing increasing stress on refugees and other migrants living abroad, as well as the communities they support through remittance. Yet in between the mid-day shadow of high-rise apartment buildings and the flickering glow of worn out florescent strip-lights, Somali Town has become a rallying point. An informal sanctuary of the African diaspora, gathered on the southern tip of a continent. An unexpected home to those fleeing xenophobia, resource wars, failed states and collapsing ecosystems. Those beginning to re-establish a new-normal. The mixed media collection of photography and film explores Som’ Town, using food as an entry point for an exploration into memory, migration and resilience By Luke Metelerkamp, Steve McDonald and Jules Mecer Monday, 21 August - Room 35/36 (72) - 14:00 - 14:40 Agent-based modelling Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Emilie Lindkvist Speed talk: Robustness and vulnerability tradeoffs in urban socio-hydrological risk due to the decision-making priorities of influential actors Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Andres Baeza 1, Marco Janssen 1, Luis Bojorquez 2, Hallie Eakin 1 1 School of Sustainability. Arizona State University, Tempe, United States Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico 2 As urban environments become larger and more heterogeneous, they also come to be highly vulnerable to water-related hazards. Investment in mega infrastructure is usually the solution for reducing socio-hydrological risk. While this investment in hard infrastructure has provided tremendous benefits, the motivations and the criteria by which authorities decide how and where to invest limited resources are often obscure and not transparent, making it difficult to assess how these “hidden” cognitive processes affect the vulnerability and robustness of urban environments. In this talk we present an agent-based model that simulates a stylized urban environment composed of neighborhoods suffering from flooding and stressful water supply conditions. The model is motivated by the Mexico City water management system and its sociohydrological vulnerability. In the model, a water authority agent makes decisions as to where to invest limited resources to either create new infrastructure or maintain the existing pieces. These decisions are made by calculating a multi-criteria metric, which is constructed based on the prioritization of a set of indicators of system performance, including the neighborhoods’ demands. We simulated scenarios representing contrasting managerial perspectives, and we conducted numerical experiments under similar biophysical and budgetary constraints. Our results indicate that minimal changes in prioritization can have significant consequences on the steady state of sustainability indices. We also show that tradeoffs in performance can emerge under different managers, even under similar biophysical conditions. Finally, we observed that managers can exacerbate a problem even when they focus on that particular issue. We contrast these theoretical findings with the insights gained from the empirical finding from Mexico City’s water governance. We discuss the development of new methods to elucidate the specifications of the cognitive processes that can mechanistically connect the decisions of dominating actors with the dynamics of the biophysical environment in complex urban systems. Speed talk: Understanding the interactions between land use changes and food-selfsufficiency of a social-ecological system in SW Madagascar - An agent based modelling approach Katja Brinkmann 1, Daniel Kübler 2, Susanne Kobbe 3, Ellen Hoffmann 1, Andreas Bürkert 1 1 University of Kassel, Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics, Witzenhausen, Germany 2 University of Hamburg, Center for Wood Sciences, World Forestry, Hamburg, Germany 3 University of Hamburg, Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, Animal Ecology and Conservation, Hamburg, Germany Village communities in southwestern Madagascar are an example for social-ecological systems that are highly dependent on local resources for people´s daily food supply. The pressure on natural resources increased drastically over the last decades due to land use changes triggered by population growth, natural hazards, insufficient agricultural production and low economic development. An agent based land use model was developed and applied to analyse the behaviour, land use decisions and activities of individual farm-households of a village community. Our aims were (i) to simulate the effects of future scenarios on the environment, household economy and food self-sufficiency (ii), to explore how small-holder farmers can cope with food insecurity and (iii) to identify hot spots of land use changes in space and time. For the empirical characterization of entities (landscape, climate and households) and the Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. parametrization of human behaviour an iterative approach was used incorporating the results of social surveys, participatory role-playing games, high-resolution remote sensing, census data and field-based validation data. The model allows to simulate multiple scenarios by changing the global conditions (population dynamics, climate conditions, crop management strategy) in the user interface. Simulations are performed along discrete time steps for up to 30 years. Outputs are socio-economic indices such as food self-sufficiency, crop yield, household income, Gini coefficient and coping strategies, as well as spatio-temporally explicit land-use and land cover maps. The baseline scenario predicts further expansion of cropland and high deforestation rates with the fragmentation of remaining forest areas. For the majority of households the daily calorie intake will become insufficient due to various biotic and abiotic constraints of agricultural production. Model outcomes indicate that due to climate induced risks in crop production, enhancing access to off-farm income opportunities would be as important as improvements in plant production to maintain food security in the long term. Monday, 21 August - Room 21 (30) - 14:00 - 14:40 Art-science approaches Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Diego Galafassi Speed talk: SMOG BALLET AND OTHER WORKS: performances co-devised by Homo Sapiens and the Natural Environment and adjudicated by the general public Em Piro 1, Santi Perez 2, 3 1 York University, Toronto, Canada SustainableSanti, Toronto, Canada 3 Center for Sustainable Practice in the Arts (CSPA), Toronto, Canada 2 Just before dawn, from a high-rise on the northern border of a city where eight million are still sleeping, a russet blanket can be seen gently touching the rooftops. As light breaks, the blanket begins to rise, stretch, and lift into the blue, dissipating until it is little more than a faint haze. Twenty minutes, brief and graceful, the skyline releve has concluded. Morning has arrived in Bogota. Climate Change, generated mostly by human intervention, is changing the natural patterns of our planet in notable ways. The most recent IPCC report shows irreversible damage: a point of no return. The scientific community has documented and shared their findings for over 50 years to the public with little effect over the root causes of the problem. As climate change progresses, changes in weather and landscape are performed by the natural environment. These changes manifest in explicit sensory spectacles, many of which are accessible to public audiences around the world. Like human-made artworks, these nature-engineered opuses bear an intrinsic, affective impact that reify community through collective experience. Part postcontemporary performance, part scientific scavenger hunt, SMOG BALLET AND OTHER WORKS documents the anthropogenic impact and the correspondent environmental response in specific sites around the world where environmental performances of climate change are made visible through active phenomena. This praxis-based participatory research draws upon public-space cultural production technique, performance theory, and environmental sciences to establish a model for crowd-sourced archival processes of the ephemeral performances of Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. climate change. The research gathers empirical and qualitative data by inviting citizen scientistaesthetes worldwide to: track and monitor changes in their own environments; document environmental performances of climate change; record embodied experiences of environmental transformation and solastalgia. Speed talk: Undressing sustainable planning - could artistic methods of interdisciplinary think tanks shape the future of the Royal Sea Port? Holly Keassey, Stella d'Ailly Mossutställningar, Stockholm, Sweden Undressing sustainable planning - could artistic methods of interdisciplinary think tanks shape the future of the Royal Sea Port? It is accepted that there are benefits to arts and science working together. Yet, the modes of working are often far from models of being interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary, with examples confined to the current normalising understandings of art as an illustrative tool. That said, there are areas challenging this reduction of art as a tool and/or consumable product including artistic practice as a legitimate form of research production within academia and social sculpture as an active method for establishing socio-ecological change. Mossutställningar have developed an eighteen month programme to investigate how these two areas of artistic practice can work interdisciplinary, with other disciplines working with socio-ecological agendas, to develop a transdisciplinary working method for the future. This programme takes the development of Stockholm’s Royal Seaport as its focal point to form an interdisciplinary agenda that aims to produce concrete recommendations for how this development can be interrogated further in order to devise incorporated resilience thinking that continues beyond its completed construction. Our paper includes introductions to ‘What is Artistic Research?’ and ‘What methodologies does social-sculpture perform?’ with a maintained focus on collaborations within the field of science; our use of biosphere systems to develop a programme framework that assists interdisciplinary working methods; an overview of how this is being applied to a critical focus on the Royal Seaport; and why enabling socioecological stewardship of the Royal Seaport is essential as it becomes a flagship model of sustainable planning. We consider our focus on the development of the Royal Sea Port as an opportunity to expand the current model of sustainable planning to include a transdisciplinary working method with a socio-ecological agenda – and our intention is to performatively establish what such a working method will be by letting it develop during the programme itself. Speed talk: Realising Potentials: Art-based methods in social-ecological transformations Maria Heras 1, Diego Galafassi 2, Elisa Oteros-Rozas 3, Federica Ravera 5, 6, Isabel Ruiz-Mallén 4, Luis Berraquero 3 1 Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CEI Cambio, Sevilla, Spain 4 Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain 5 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Évora, Portugal 6 CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain In recent years the potential and possible contributions of art-based methods for engaging with social-ecological complexity have been highlighted, in particular in areas related to action Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. research, inquiry-based learning, participatory governance and knowledge integration. Despite repeated calls within the resilience community (Ecology and Society special issue) and the sustainability sciences community at large (World Social Science Report) for a broader and deeper engagement of the arts, insights on concrete experiences and evaluation of outcomes and processes remain sparse. In this context, we conducted a three days encounter in Barcelona in 2016, attended by an international group of 52 sustainability scientists, artists and art-based methods practitioners to explore the frontiers of social-ecological transformations and art-based approaches from the fields of performing arts (dance, theatre, performance), visual arts (film, painting, photography), narrative (poetry, storytelling, creative writing). Participants were invited to share and experience various methods from across disciplines. During the workshop, we co-explored and discovered the potential that art-based approaches bring to resilience and social-ecological transformations research and vice-versa, and also the types of questions that transformations open to the various arts-based practices. Based on in-depth observation, interviews and a post-workshop survey, this paper and the complementary visual documentary, synthesizes key insights and discusses the relevance and adequacy of these transdisciplinary practices in sustainability science. We link these insights to questions of agency, creativity and innovation in social-ecological transformations. We conclude with future questions and an invitation to join this emerging community of practice. Monday, 21 August - Room 34 (30) - 14:00 - 14:40 Assessing and promoting change in Social-Ecological Systems Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Jon Norberg Speed talk: Complex adaptive systems – A framework for understanding drivers of change and adaptation in agricultural systems in coastal deltas of Vietnam Minh Tu Nguyen, Fabrice Renaud, Zita Sebesvari United Nations University-Institute for Environment and Human Security, Bonn, Germany The Mekong and Red River deltas in Vietnam are characterized by a large diversity of agricultural landscapes that are shaped by the dynamic interplay between natural processes and anthropogenic activities. Agricultural production in these deltas plays a crucial role in the national economy since the two deltas contribute with 71% to rice, 86% to farmed aquaculture and with 65% to the national fruit production of Vietnam. In the coastal areas of these deltas, saline intrusion – which is partly induced by sea level rise - is a major threat to agricultural production, making these deltas some of the most vulnerable deltas to sea level rise globally. In order to maintain agricultural production in these deltas, a variety of adaptation measures to salinity have been implemented, including sea and river dike construction for rice cultivation, improvement of farming techniques and crop varieties, and shifting land use patterns. These adaptation measures are influenced by various drivers of change at multiple scales of the deltaic social-ecological system. The aim of this study is to analyze current and historical drivers of change and adaptation measures to increased salinity levels in agricultural systems in coastal areas of these deltas through the lens of complex adaptive systems theory. We based our analysis on 198 semi-structured interviews and 11 focus group discussions conducted with local farmers Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. along three salinity transects in both deltas in 2015-2016. A historical analysis of drivers of changes and their interaction and feedback in shaping agricultural systems and adaptation in these deltas enhances our understanding of the management of complex agricultural systems in these and similar coastal deltas. Speed talk: Change dynamics and resilience of cultural landscapes in rural-urban gradients Cristina Herrero-Jáuregui 1, Cecilia Arnaiz-Schmitz 2, María Fe Schmitz 1, Simon M Smart 3, Francisco D Pineda 1, Carlos Montes 2 1 Department of Ecology. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Social-Ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 3 Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, United Kingdom 2 In the last decades, Spanish cultural landscapes have undergone a bidirectional process of anthropisation and rural abandonment. We propose a new method adapted from econometric models to quantify the resilience of different social-ecological systems located in a gradient of urbanization/deruralization in Central Spain. By measuring the elasticity of the intensity of landscape transformation as a function of different socio-economic variables, we assess the capacity of landscapes to buffer socioeconomic changes. We calculate the intensity of landscape transformation using the modules of the vectors that are the change trajectories of municipalities in an ordination plane. The first axis of the ordination plane (23.96%) reflects a land use gradient. The second axis (15.68%) is a gradient of landscape complexity, characterized by landscape metrics typical of homogeneous landscapes and those of fragmented landscapes. The intensity and direction of change is different depending on the land use that characterizes each municipality. Municipalities characterized by large patches of arable lands and urban areas, change less and the net change is towards homogenization. There are not socioeconomic variables that explain significantly this change. Municipalities characterized by heterogeneous landscapes, typical of silvo-pastoral territories, experience a more intense change towards urbanization and fragmentation. If these socioeconomic indicators surpass certain threshold values, landscape structure will experiment rapid and critical changes. Our model shows that silvo-pastoral systems, are more sensible to socioeconomic variation than agricultural territories. We believe this new method is a valuable tool to quantify resilience in socioecological systems, useful for land use planning and decision making. Speed talk: Assessing Resilience of Agricultural System of Dhaka, Bangladesh Farhana Rashid KTH Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm, Sweden Due to rapid urbanization agricultural lands in metropolitan areas are shrinking. As a result our cities are getting more dependent on distant places for food, which is making the food system vulnerable. In the context of rapid urbanization and climate change a resilient agricultural system of Dhaka could be one of the key to ensure a sustainable future. To investigate the impact of urbanization and climate change on the resilience of the agricultural system of Dhaka a resilience assessment of agricultural system of Dhaka has been done. The study followed the resilience assessment wordbook for practitioner as method of assessment. As methods to collect and analyze data field studies, interview, GIS analysis, policy analysis were conducted. This study shows that, urbanization is directly responsible for changes in both quality and quantity Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. of the agricultural land of Dhaka whereas climate change does not affect directly. Even with this rapid urbanization there is still scope to take measures to make agricultural system resilient by preserving land within Dhaka metropolitan area. Therefore two Strategies have been proposed. First one is; increasing local food production without administrative reformation and the second; reducing the future demand by administrative and economic decentralization of Dhaka. Both of the strategies will require strong political will along with recognition of importance of agricultural land within the city boundary. Key words: urbanization; resilience; agricultural land; sustainability; Dhaka; Bangladesh Speed talk: Bird stories to tell the social and environmental changes: a comparative approach in four countries Chloe Guerbois 1, Emilie Andrieu 3, Eric Garine 4, Anne Sourdril 2, Jean Wencelius 4, Marc Deconchat 3 1 Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa, George, South Africa 2 Ladyss, CNRS, Nanterrre, France 3 Dynafor, INRA, Castanet tolosan, France 4 LESC,CNRS, Nanterre, France When people talk about their environment and how it has changed recently, they often refer to some sets of species seen as indicators of changes. What kind of species is used for this purpose? What are their commonalities in different environmental contexts? How this knowledge can help understanding socio-ecological systems dynamics? To tackle these questions, the ANR PIAF project compared free-lists collected from informants (experts and non-experts) sampled along a gradient of anthropisation including protected-rural and urban areas in four countries (Cameroon, France, USA, and Zimbabwe). Free-lists of birds, i.e. lists of birds spontaneously cited by informants, were analysed based on the life-history traits of the mentioned species. The analyses reveal common patterns across the different countries as to the type of birds cited, though they also relate to the social attributes of the informants. These patterns provide us with useful information about which groups of bird species should be used to monitor environmental changes as perceived by local people. The combination of free-listing with ecological life-traits database is a very promising method, both to link scientific and indigenous, and sociological and ecological understanding of ecosystem transformations. Through this project we aim to better understand local ecological knowledge and use this to generate a way to engage people in ecological transitions. Speed talk: Action or research? Understanding how to better shape community resilience to climate change in practice Esther Carmen, Ioan Fazey, Jennifer Williams University of Dundee, Centre for Environmental Change and Human Resilience, Dundee, United Kingdom In the face of the multiple challenges directly and indirectly linked to climate change, it is essential that we work together to shape process to make change happen in different contexts. In this presentation we present the concept, approach, outcomes and lessons from a project in Scotland orientated towards action and learning about community resilience to climate change. This highly engaging multi-stakeholder project was conceptualized to take an integrated, Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. holistic approach that recognizes the interdependence between human systems and the environment and used participatory methods and tools. The project primarily focused on shaping action in three communities, around which opportunities for the elicitation and capture of knowledge and data were created. The project was coordinated by a trans-disciplinary team and a project officer who was locally embedded for the duration of the project. Through a series of community workshops the differentiated nature of climate shocks and stresses were first explored, from which collaborative actions were developed. Research findings include understanding of the dynamics of community resilience to climate change through the lens of climate disadvantage and identifying changes in the national policy environment for greater integration and synergy to help better shape decision making, action and outcomes for community resilience to climate change. Action orientated outcomes that emerged included funding and feasibility studies (tangible outcomes), learning outcomes for participants that related to new skills and knowledge. In addition capacity for collaboration and taking joined up approaches increased to help shape longer term actions. For example, there was an increase in engagement and scope of an engineered flood protection scheme, new community groups were established and relationships between communities and organizations strengthened. Critically, focusing on action led to learning about key factors that may help accelerate change in future processes aimed at enhancing community resilience to climate change. Monday, 21 August - C4 (125) - 14:00 - 14:40 Novel concepts, fields and methods Approaches and methods for understanding social-ecological system dynamics Chair/s: Sarah Cornell Speed talk: Systematic reviews and maps as novel methodologies for understanding socialecological systems Neal Haddaway, Biljana Macura Mistra Council for Evidence-based Environmental Management (EviEM) Stockholm Environment Institute Box 24218 104 51 Stockholm Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden Systematic reviews are reflective, secondary research methods for summarising existing evidence on a specific topic. Systematic review methods were first established in the 1990s in the field of medicine, where they have since become ‘gold standards’ for synthesising evidence. Systematic reviews are conducted in order to inform research, policy and practice across a variety of scientific fields; from medicine and international development to biodiversity and human-environmental interactions. In environmental sciences, the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence (CEE) coordinates systematic reviews, produces guidance, and publishes systematic reviews and maps, ensuring the reviews are undertaken to the highest standards possible. Related to systematic reviews, systematic mapping is a novel approach that is becoming increasingly popular for summarising evidence bases. Whilst systematic reviews aim to answer questions relating to the effectiveness of an intervention or the effects of an impact, systematic maps aim to describe the nature of the evidence base in a searchable database, highlighting knowledge clusters, knowledge gaps and patterns in research methods. The methods possess several major characteristics, including: 1) carefully planned protocols, Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. produced following stakeholder engagement, that outline the intended methods for the review, 2) comprehensiveness searches for academic and grey literature from a variety of sources, 3) careful screening of all identified articles according to predetermined inclusion criteria, 4) detailed assessment of the quality and generalisability of each study, 5) well-documented synthesis of the evidence base, 6) transparent reporting of the review results with extensive supplementary information, and 7) summary of the review project using a variety of media tailored to stakeholders needs. Systematic reviews and maps are ideal methods for collating growing evidence of human-environmental interactions to better understand complex socialecological systems, address sustainability questions or support research and policy decisionmaking in the Anthropocene. Speed talk: Organisational studies and the Anthropocene: developing conceptual underpinnings Jan Bebbington University of St Andrews, Scotland, St Andrews, United Kingdom As planetary scale human impacts intensify, it has been suggested that we are living in the Anthropocene: an epoch where human actions drive earth systems processes to the detriment of human and non-human populations. The nature and impact of organisations in this context has been relatively under developed in sustainability science. At the same time, the idea of the Anthropocene has only recently been noticed by organisational scholars and has yet to make a significant impact on their scholarship. Having noted these two points, this paper seeks to explore three interrelated arenas with the overall aim of interrogating how organisational studies can contribute to understanding the Anthropocene. The three aspects considered are: (1) outlining the current ways organisations are theorised within the discipline of organisational studies so that sustainability scientists might better appreciate how organisational studies conceptualise entities that have a role in shaping the Anthropocene; (2) identifying theoretical tools that might enable scholars in organisational studies and sustainability science to better understanding each other and thereby create a spark point for intellectual interaction; and (3) synthesis how research institutions (themselves organisations) can foster research that is fit for the Anthropocene (drawing from a series of explorations of how universities and an interdisciplinary research organisation conceptualise and foster sustainability science expertise). This paper, therefore, seeks to contribute both intellectual and practice based insights into how organisational studies (in concert with sustainability science) might tackle the challenges offered by living in the Anthropocene. Monday, 21 August - Room 24/25 (70) - 14:00 - 14:40 Economy, trade and resilience Cross-cutting perspectives on resilience Chair/s: Gustav Engström Speed talk: Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Innovations within the financial sector to support and finance biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services Thomas Hahn 1, Ami Golland 2 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden Promoting the Green economy and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires a new role for the financial sector, aligning their incentives with sustainability. Public goods are, in economic theory, under-supplied by market actors because it is difficult to reap the benefits privately. Governments are therefore often expected to finance public goods. Still, there is currently a strong emphasis in international policy-making to enrol the private sector in biodiversity conservation, e.g. within the Convention on Biological Diversity. Compared to government investments and subsidies, private investments focus on financial returns and may therefore, the argument goes, prioritise efficiency and accountability. The challenge is then to identify cash flows which can be reaped by the private investors while at the same time public goods are produced. Examples of cash flows include provisioning ecosystem services, ecotourism, and some regulating services which are commodified by payment schemes (e.g. PES, REDD). In this paper we use interviews, process tracing, case-studies and theories of institutional change to analyse innovative approaches in the financial sector. A critical issue concerns risks when the cash flows do not materialise. Several SDGs would be violated if local communities would carry this risk. We analyse to what extent i) the institutional design safeguards transparency and accountability; ii) knowledge systems (local, indigenous and scientific) promotes productive projects; and iii) network of local communities, NGOs and investors ensures quality and engagement. Preliminary results suggest that investments in sustainable agriculture and forestry as well as water and energy systems have potential to generate cash and large surplus for society (public goods). However, this requires accountability and engagement across the whole chain of actors from international investors to communities where the projects are implemented. The financial returns need to be variable, contingent on the success of the local investments, to incentivise engagement by financial actors. Speed talk: Possibilities for a local circular economy - case Karleby, Finland Markku Anttonen 1, Minna Lammi 1, 2, Steve Evans 2, Ian Bamford 2 1 University of Helsinki, Department of Political and Economic Studies/Consumer Society Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland 2 Cambridge University, Institute for Manufacturing, Cambridge, United Kingdom Circular Economy (CE) is defined as a transitional approach to change dominating linear economic system towards a more sustainable and resilient direction. In recent years, it has gain political and economic drive as a potential route towards sustainability. However, it seems that CE focuses mainly on efficiency of industrial production and minimizing waste flows, leaving other aspects of sustainability to lesser attention. Pragmatic studies on CE, bringing community and industry participants together in a local community setting, are few. Thus, this study increases our understanding of the potential and limitations of CE in this context. The study is exploratory, and it aims to deepen our understanding of a) whether it is possible to create a shared view of a circular economy that includes all aspects of sustainability in a local context, b) an appreciative manner that facilitates varied and contesting perspectives of different stakeholders Case study takes place in Karleby region in Finland, which has a strong industrial, commercial past and present. Its economic structure consist of chemicals industry, metals working, and electric appliances recycling among others. We will organize a collaborative Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. facilitation process with multiple stakeholders March 2017, using Cambridge value tools. Our aim is, first, to generate shared, local understanding of possibilities of circularity at local level. Second, to develop the facilitation tool for multi stakeholder approach, which is more complex compared to situations with a single organization. We analyze how this participatory process effects on the perceived future of the community, and its development. Speed talk: Mental models as a catalyst for supply chain transformation for sustainability Angela Guerrero 1, 2, Duan Biggs 1, 3, Malika Virah-Sawmy 2, Natalie Jones 1, Helen Ross 1 1 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Luc Hoffmann Institute, Gland, Switzerland 3 Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia 2 Global relationships of demand, supply and trade of international commodities increasingly present a challenge for the conservation of threatened ecosystems. These dynamics cross sectors and scales. Food supply chains connect consumers to distant ecosystems where commodities are produced, traded and exported for the production of products in other industry sectors. Such is the case of soybeans. While soybean oil is the second most consumed oil in the world, around 75% of soybean production is used for animal feed. Thus changes in demand for meat products in places like Europe or China can have serious environmental as well as social impacts on source countries such as Brazil. Production of soy is overtaking huge areas in fragile ecosystems such as the Brazilian Cerrado, The Amazon, The Chaco and the Atlantic Forests of South America. Biodiversity impact is thus effectively exported via international trade in food commodities. However there is lack of transparency around flows of commodities and the roles of different actors, and there is a lack of understanding on barriers to sustainable production and trade. This talk will introduce the use of mental models on supply chain actors as a new method to work on supply chain governance given the cross-scale nature of supply chain impacts and the cross-scale actor engagement that is needed to address impacts within supply chains. It will include a brief overview of a project using mental models currently being carried out by the Luc Hoffmann Institute in collaboration with several WWF offices, academic and research institutions including The University of Queensland, the Stockholm Environment Institute, and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. The project aims to improve communication and shared responsibilities within the soy supply chain via the sharing of mental models. I will present the use of mental models as catalyst for supply chain transformation. Speed talk: Financial Risk Assessment as a Necessary Condition for Achieving a Resilience Transition Robert Buhr Societe Generale and Green Planet Consulting Limited, London, London, United Kingdom There has been increasing discussion of how to finance the forthcoming “energy transformation.” This discussion should entail a broader initiative to identify and remove the economic and financial impediments to a more economically resilient society. Managing such a transition will be a large and complicated process, and will not easily occur without identifying these impediments. This process requires a more granulated assessment of risks than is currently employed in economic and political discourse. Broad generalizations about the negative impacts of climate change are not particularly useful to financial analysts because they are not sufficiently granulated and do not provide sufficient guidance about specific risks that need to Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. be assessed and mitigated in financial modeling. This is particularly true for investors, where these risks are recognized, but generally not incorporated in standard financial analysis underlying investment management. This is a critical need, especially since investors are in large part expected to be financing this transition. For example, current asset valuations underlying potential transitions of regional economies and financial systems are based on a range of specific assumptions. However, these assumptions do not necessarily reflect either the increasingly broad range of risks currently arising both regionally and globally, or the likelihood that these risks are likely to increase more rapidly than expected even a decade ago. We believe that there are several domains that have the potential for significant disruption of current assumptions regarding financial risks. These include (1) regulatory risks, (2) carbon pricing risk, (3) Adaptation risk, (4) Increased likelihood of event risks, (5) Resource depletion risk, (6) Global warming impacts on natural resources such as forests and fisheries, and (7) Subsidy risk. Identifying and incorporating these risks into current financial and economic models would go some distance to furthering a more resilient global society. Speed talk: Steering sustainability in dual-purpose poultry production Katharina Diehl 1, Shadi K. Hamadeh 2, Bettina König 3 1 Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e.V., Muencheberg, Germany Environment and Sustainable Development Unit, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon 3 Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany 2 Dual-purpose breeds in poultry production have gained attention in Germany as an alternative to intensive farming practices. Initiatives supported by producers and marketing organisations aim to reduce the detrimental effects of large flocks in high-input systems on the environment by implementing small-scale, low-input farming systems. A transformation to a sustainable agro-ecosystem in poultry farming is, however, challenged by disappearing supply chain infrastructure for small-scale farming, such as veterinary supplies or slaughtering and processing of products. High lock-in effects of production processes and limited knowledge of the potentials and impact on the side of the actors hinder predictable out-of-niche development. The aim of this study was to analyse the potential of dual-purpose breeds at the example of one initiative in Germany. We particularly focused on contextual factors supporting or hindering scale-up in the number of farms and sustenance of poultry products in the market. In cooperation with the Naturland Marketing, we developed a tool for visualizing and evaluating sustainability criteria for an improved definition of suitable business development strategies. The tool was tested with actors along the value chain. In a second step, transferability of the tool was tested in Lebanon under different socio-economic and environmental conditions (national and sectoral strategies, drought). The results were used to discuss the monetary and non-monetary values of the alternative production system along the value chain. Supporting factors included cooperation structures in farmer-trader relationships as well as strategies in distribution, market sales and trade. We further discuss how criteria systems for sustainability analyses have to be adapted to the actors’ priorities for continuous risk assessment and estimations of market development. Much emphasis was laid on the provision of local added value as well as closed circular systems. The tool supported reflection and learning within an emerging agro-ecological innovation system aiming for resilient farming practices. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Speed talk: The case of Sarafu-credits - how a community currency can contribute to resilience of livelihood in informal settlements Hannes Anagrius Stockholm University, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden My thesis examines a community currency (CC) initiated by Grassroots Economics (GE) for poor small-scale traders in informal settlements in Kenya, using vouchers only accepted within networks of members. Their method allows no-interest loans to be circulated among neighbors without using poor people’s savings. It is a locally based self-governed unification to support resilience of livelihood, by creating liquidity where access to money is scarce and to improve trust, social contacts and local ecosystem services. Elected representatives for the networks administrate and convenes member meetings and community activities, where the latter suppose to engage more residents. GE provides the set of rules CC-trading and community activities rely on. The networks are partly self-financed through making use of local resources, but GE also attracts external funds from NGO:s and tries to build cross-levels partnerships. Out of qualitative interviews my results suggests that different capitals which constitute resilient livelihood are enhanced by the CC – financial capital through improved savings and trade partners, social capital through creation of trust and contacts and natural capital by engaging members in community activities as trash collection, tree planting and food gardening. Synergies exists between the capitals as CC-membership-fees help finance activities and goes back in circulation, while trust and contacts creates the primary social motivation to engage in community activities to build natural capital. Challenges include new members joining to get grants instead of empower themselves and communication problems due to illiteracy and preexisting power relations. The policy is an innovative alternative to poverty reduction methods by providing a way of hindering capital outflow and targeting the poorest people, who do not qualify for microloans. Developing it further offers transformative potential by changing perspectives of money creation, when no-interest-loans can be backed up by local goods, labour and natural capital, without involving banks. Monday, 21 August - Room 33 (30) - 14:00 - 15:30 Resilience, adaptation and mal-adaptation Cross-cutting perspectives on resilience Chair/s: María Mancilla Garcia Speed talk: Social values in dynamic social-ecological systems: a case study of bushfire in Victoria, Australia Andrea Rawluk, Rebecca Ford, Kathryn Williams 1School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Bushfire (wildfire) is a regularly and naturally occurring part of life in Australia, with complex consequences for social-ecological systems (SES). Disastrous bushfire events are predicted to increase in the Anthropocene and human populations in some risk landscapes to rise. These pose significant challenges for SES research and governance including how to identify, Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. understand, and balance what should be considered in natural disaster policy and planning. In this research we: 1) contribute to deepening the understanding of SES social dimensions by considering social values; 2) propose and engage a novel, interdisciplinary social values framework to identify and organize concrete (tangible objects) and abstract (intangible ideas) with the concepts of valued entities, valued attributes, and core values. Data were collected through: semi-structured interviews; participatory scenario development; and survey. Our findings suggest that values can a helpful social lens in SES. First, our framework provides depth to the social dimension through identifying and organizing values. Five key abstract values are affected by natural disaster: benevolence and universalism (in two forms, biospheric and social) (what is protected), and self-direction and security (how things are protected). Second, interview and survey data show relationships between values that illustrate the interconnections of social and ecological dimensions; for example, we identify links between natural places and human experience, and between the productive landscape capacity and people’s livelihoods and identity. Third, these links could have implications for what to protect and how. When integrated into creative scenarios, values shaped possible planning directions and therefore potentially drive system changes. Finally, values can help to predict how people may respond to system changes and can explain emerging conflicts. Future research could examine the synergy of values with other social concepts such as collective memory and refine participatory tools for articulating and integrating values. Speed talk: Resilience of smart systems Dayton Marchese, Frank Holcomb, Igor Linkov U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, United States In response to the recent eruption of advanced technologies such as the internet of things, autonomous vehicles and intelligent personal assistants, there is a growing effort to integrate systems in a way that promotes sustainability and enhances quality of life. Smart systems, which collect, analyze and utilize data in real time are a result of this effort. Unsurprisingly, smart systems have advanced faster than the ability of developers to evaluate the response of these systems to disruptive events, thereby increasing system vulnerability. This presentation serves to discuss the difference in disruption response that exists between independent traditional systems and connected smart systems. Systems of interest include water/wastewater, energy, transportation, agriculture and telecommunication systems. Disruption response is evaluated as resilience, defined as the ability of a system to plan for, absorb, recover from, and adapt to disturbances. This discussion highlights how smart systems, which connect the multilayer physical, social and information networks, are more resilient to random disruptions (e.g., natural disasters) that often impact trivial parts of the network, but less resilient to targeted attacks (e.g., cyberattacks) on critical information systems. This disruption response is important to the longterm success of smart systems. Moreover, this investigation into the relationship between resilience and sustainability is critical for developing an efficient and reliable future. Speed talk: Importance of social networks and migration in local risk scoping strategies of swidden communities in Vietnam Thuy Pham, Dung Le Ngoc CIFOR, Hanoi, Vietnam Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Swidden communities are often under pressure of rapid land use changes and climate change shocks. These communities are also characterized by multi-locality and have thus become part of several social, financial and information networks. This paper presents findings from the ASEAN-Swiss Partnership on Social Forestry and Climate Change project carried out by CIFOR to understand the importance and impact of different social networks and migration to local risk scoping strategies in these 2 swidden communities in Son La and 1 community in Nghe An provinces. We apply a mixed method which includes literature and policy reviews, conducting 9 focus group discussions as well as 134 in-depth household interviews in 2016. Our findings highlight important role of social networks and migration in food security and local risk coping strategies in response to shocks, climate change and unexpected land use changes. All communities studied have a low capacity to cope with shocks and are often constrained by little to zero household saving, the debt traps by local traders, lack of available alternative income sources and lack of access to information. We also found that the studied swidden communities are more vulnerable to covariate shocks due to inability to access to formal institutions (e.g. government’s support programs; banking and credits, agroforestry extension services, national training programs) to provide necessary supports. Social network of families and friends as well as informal social actors such as local traders or village cadres and migration are major risk scoping strategies for communities. Social networks also play an important role in the migration process and enable local communities in accessing to new information and technology to diversify their incomes resources. Our research calls for a better understanding and support for social network and migration to increase the resilience of local communities, particularly those whose are vulnerable to climate change and natural and social shocks. Speed talk: The Resilience Challenge in Complex Emergencies: Socio-Ecological Solutions for deserts, the case of Turkana-land - North Kenya. Greta Semplici University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom The use of the term resilience is spreading fast, and it is being very quickly modelled, operationalized and implemented. However, there is a general lack of understanding of what resilience really means and how to bridge the divide between natural and social science concepts of resilience. The resilience of a community is inextricably linked to the condition of the environment and the treatment of its resources (Cutter, et al., 2008). Yet, little role is played by the environment itself if not in the case of exceptional ecological crises when resilience is substituting disaster risk management approaches (Manyena, 2006; Twigg, 2007; UN/ISDR, 2002). From my fieldwork experience in Turkana undoubtedly emerges the need to conceptualise and empirically operationalize the relation between environment and social resilience. Kenyan northern counties become an interesting analytical space where deserts are the framework of new forms of mobility, establishment of moral economies and conflictual international, national and local relations as a result of complex interrelations between people, livestock, environment and its ecology. Here, entire populations live and survive in a precarious ecosystems threatened by global warming impacts and by increased levels of competition over natural resources. Complex emergencies, repeated or protracted over long periods of time, create un-equilibrium relationships among socio-ecological-system components. Moving beyond linear and equilibrium relations, implies abandoning the “jumping-back” analogy (stability > crisis > recovery > stability), where resilience is conventionally placed as the final turning-point to re-establish initial equilibrium conditions, to adopt a more interactive Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. perspective of socio-ecological-systems’ dynamics. Resilience can be interpreted in terms of “plasticity ”, patterns of adaptation and transmutation, as opposed to forced or cultural immobility. The analysis of the desert I propose explores the challenges faced by its populations with the intent to identify patterns and dynamics of transformation in socio-ecological systems and promote new durable solutions. Speed talk: Understanding Community Resilience through Community Spiritual Lens: Reechoing Voices from Rural Northern Ghana Dennis Chirawurah, Francis Santuah, Gregory Addebah West Africa Resilience Innovation Lab University for Development Studies Tamale, Ghana, Tamale, Ghana In Northern Ghana, the vulnerability of communities, people and systems persists as a result of widespread poverty, fragile ecosystems, weak institutions and, fragmented and uncoordinated policy frameworks for resilience programming. In order to understand the underlying causes of vulnerability to shocks and stresses, their effects on people and systems, and the different coping and adaptive strategies, this study conducted discussions with 18 focus groups and in-depth interviews with 25 key informants in three geographically different locations in Ghana; Ashaiman Municipality in the coastal plains, Tamale Metropolitan area in the middle belt, and Kassena-Nankana Municipality in the sahelian ecological zone. This paper discusses dimensions of resilience in the Kassena-Nankana Municipality, and how, when faced with adversity, local communities draw upon extra-terrestrial relations with their ancestors and tap into resources from the spiritual realm to improve their wellbeing. The paper also raises the dilemma of whether emphasis on the spiritual dimension is an underlying driver of vulnerability and or an adaptive strategy among predominantly smallholder farmers. Does the fear of the wrath of the gods induce a sense of lethargy in people or a sense of urgency to act? For instance, when the rains delay, people go to the soothsayer to consult the gods rather than go to the meteorological services to seek explanation. Does failure to make sacrifices to the gods stop the rains from falling? Does the disappearance of the sacred grove affect the rainfall pattern? How does building near a sacred stream increase one’s vulnerability to floods? This paper relied on the bioecological theory of human development to interrogate these issues with a view to understanding the causal links between spirituality and other dimensions on the one hand, and spirituality and resilience on the other. Speed talk: Diverging flood disaster subcultures in public institutions and local communities: Implications for flood resilience in Itteren and Borgharen, The Netherlands. Stefania Munaretto, Douwe de Voogt, Kees Boersma Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands This article presents a critical reflection of transformations for sustainability in the context of flood resilience and flood disaster subcultures. Flood disaster subcultures are formed within groups of people recurrently exposed to flood disasters who adjust their habits accordingly. Institutional and community flood disaster subcultures tend to be different. The institutional approach is typically of a technical, knowledge-based nature whereas communities adapt based on their experience with past disasters. We argue that when institutional and community flood disaster subcultures remain isolated from one another, the resulting divergence weakens flood resilience, especially in communities. We build our argument by characterizing the institutional Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. flood disaster subculture and the community flood disaster subculture and by linking them to institutional-technical resilience and community resilience. We examine the dichotomy between these different subcultures and their implications for resilience in a single in-depth case study in which a survey and interviews with policymakers and community members were conducted. The case study includes the parishes Itteren and Borgharen along the Meuse River in The Netherlands. Here public institutions have adopted a technical approach towards dealing with flood risk based on models, scenarios and infrastructure, whereas local, rooted communities have developed a flood disaster subculture based on flood experiences. Results show that a lack of flood events in the past twenty years coupled with the development of flood infrastructure, which has significantly altered local flood dynamics, have rendered community flood knowledge obsolete. Hence, the institutional-technical resilience was increased at the expense of community resilience. We conclude that different ‘forms’ of resilience can compete and even negatively interact. This calls for more interaction between and integration of the separate flood disaster subcultures and their respective types of resilience, whilst maintaining a transdisciplinary approach to flood risk mitigation. Speed talk: Challenge in Linking Social-Ecological Systems for Sustainability: Case of Forest Seawalls for Future Tsunami Mika Shimizu Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Addressing future tsunami, especially the construction of seawalls, is one of major cases which requires social and policy innovation for sustainability. Particularly the challenging dimension in this case is it necessitates 1) not only short but also long-term perspectives against tsunamis which are uncertain in terms of when, where and how it will come and how high will be, and 2) perspectives from both ecological and social scales, by looking at impacts of seawalls on ecosystem, environment and landscaping, and at the same time, daily life of people in local communities and economic implications. As such, construction of seawalls for future tsunamis is not one-time issue or just physical building issue, but interlinked with how to link socialecological systems. Given the above characteristics of this challenge, only traditional policy measures such as depending on concrete seawalls will not lead to solution, and requires social and policy innovation by linking social-ecological systems. The case study for the ongoing construction of seawalls after the 2011 Tohoku Disaster in Japan demonstrates the complex social and policy problems: While the government has decided to construct concrete seawalls (hundreds of concrete seawalls in 16 to 50 feet high, stretching 242 miles along the coast in the Tohoku area), little consensus has been made among local people; on the other hand, an alternative plan for “forest seawall” was proposed by ecologists and Iwanuma City has initiated the first forest seawall project, in which more than 10,000 people gathered to plant plants at the site in 2016, though the forest seawall has not become a major movement in Japan yet. The presentation will seek for questions how we can catalyze opportunities for transformation for sustainability, and how we can link social-ecological systems through case studies in Tohoku with the focus on forest seawalls for future tsunami. Speed talk: Firms’ willingness to contribute to flood risk reduction – scenario-based experiments from Jakarta and Semarang, Indonesia Thomas Neise, Javier Revilla Diez Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany The importance of private sector engagement on risk reduction is increasingly mentioned over the last years. For instance, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 stresses that the private sector should be a crucial partner to achieve disaster resilience. However, the contribution by the private sector is still rare and mostly undertaken by large multinational firms with just a few positive impacts on the local level. Particularly, manufacturing firms are heavily exposed to floods in the Global South. Jakarta and Semarang are prominent examples. Broader flood risk reduction measures are still insufficiently developed. Therefore, it is argued that firms can reduce the flood risk through collective adaptation measures. We understand collective adaptation as collaborative activities for risk reduction that firms are either initiating or participating together with other firms, the community, NGOs and authorities. Own research has revealed that particularly small and medium-sized firms rarely engage in collective flood adaptation. Based on our findings, this paper examines which circumstances determine the willingness to contribute to flood risk reduction of small and medium-sized firms. Instruments in order to increase the willingness to collective adaptation are also discussed. Scenario-based experiments with 120 small- and medium sized manufacturing firms have been conducted in Jakarta and Semarang. The scenarios contain different risk reduction measures (polder system, river expansion and sensitization program) each with different actors’ constellation of contribution. A multi-level approach has been applied to determine context-specific factors, e.g. risk behavior, firm-specific characteristics or level of flood-proneness that influence the willingness. Overall, the paper provides deeper insights to understand firms’ engagement on flood risk reduction and gives answers how firms can be motivated to become an active player on transforming socialecological systems by reducing environmental risks. Speed talk: Disasters as Political Decision Makers: Building Resilience in Copenhagen? Anne Bach Nielsen Ph.D. Fellow, University of Copenhagen, Department of Political Science, København K, Denmark This paper examines the political aftermath of the destructive cloudburst that hit Copenhagen the 2end of July 2011. It investigates how this particular disaster was channelled into specific climate change adaptation policies, and further evaluate the on-going transformation of Copenhagen into a climate resilient city. Through interviews with politicians and local government officials, I trace the complexity of the political network established in the wake of the cloudburst. On the one hand, the study shows that extreme weather events launch political initiative by adding a sensory dimension to the otherwise scientific climate change discussion. On the other hand, such events compromise the totality of the climate issues we face. The Copenhagen cloudburst has created a climate change adaptation policy, where holistic approaches are suppressed by the character of the disaster, as well as the involved actors framing the adaptation solutions narrowly. More specifically, I find that policies are characterised by a bias towards cloudbursts, which diverts attention from climate change threats as a whole. Secondly, I discover a fragmentation of politics where the sense of emergency, caused by the disaster, leads to single adaptation projects being politically adopted and implemented one by one in isolation from an overall resilience strategy. This political structure distorts targets of becoming climate resilient. Consequently, I suggest a wider inclusion of expertise in the formulation and implementation of climate change adaptation policies, as well as regular evaluations of the adopted projects based on resilience indicators. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Speed talk: Bhutan’s Unique Engagement with Climate Change: Holistic Transformations, New Development Alternatives for Global Policy and Resilient Futures Ritu Verma College of Language and Culture Studies Royal University of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan Tarayana Centre for Social Research and Development, Thimphu, Bhutan University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Bhutan Bhutan is an unparalleled carbon sink in the world, absorbing three times more carbon than it emits. Its high mountainous terrain means that it is particularly vulnerable to weather extremes and the effects of climate change. In the vast and variable region of Himalayas, Bhutan’s policy engagement with climate change that is both ambitious and unique, combining and prioritizing social and environmental goals for holistic, sustainable and transformative outcomes. Upheld as an “inspiration to the world” by UN Climate Chief Christiana Figueres, the Himalayan Kingdom encodes its commitment to environmental conservation in its constitution stipulating more than 60% forest cover in perpetuity. Recent pledges made at COP21 in Paris further commit the nation to remain carbon neutral and integrate climate adaptation and mitigation into far-reaching development policies. Bhutan’s sensitive land-locked geopolitical position in relation to two carbon-emitting giants, demonstrates that discursive social uptake of climate change, institutional interventions and engagement with the Anthropocene are varied across the region. The paper explores Bhutan’s unique environmental policies, institutional practices, and socio-cultural and political-economic engagement with climate change. It situates them within its unique history, Buddhist and spiritual-ecological beliefs and geopolitics, as well as GNH, a holistic and integrated eco-social framework and living alternative to development that guides the nation. In doing so, it investigates enabling conditions, lived experiences, dedicated institutions and development resources, as well as the challenges that the nation faces in a rapidly changing world where climate change impacts are observed across borders. The paper argues that discourses and policies interact with local material and interpretive contexts, shaping moral narratives about climate change, and enabling fundamentally different outcomes for all sentient beings. Speed talk: Climate change adaptation governance in the developmental state: a case study of water management in South Korea Yi hyun Kang Technical University of Munich, Berlin, Germany Governments play a key role in facilitating climate change adaptation governance as they have administrative power. Institutional settings can be ‘sticky’ in the governmental policy process at every stage from policy making to implementation. How do governments deal with sustainability issues in its institutional context when transformation is required? This study tries to answer the question by analysing South Korea’s climate change adaptation governance. One of the major institutional features of the Korean government can be explained by the developmental state. The developmental state usually refers to some East Asian countries such as Japan and South Korea which achieved fast economic growth. Strong political and bureaucratic institutions, state control of finance and channelled capital to big business are the main characteristics of developmental states. The developmental state features clearly appear in the adaptation governance of South Korea. Its national adaptation policy was first formulated under the Low Carbon Green Growth Act of 2008. The ‘Four Rivers Project’ was heavily Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. promoted as an essential adaptation policy. This project consisted of dredging and constructing 16 weirs in the four major rivers in South Korea. The justification of the project was that it could transform the river ecosystems into more resilient while preventing floods and alleviating droughts which were expected due to climate change. Although many scientists, environmentalists and local residents near the rivers opposed the project, the government implemented the project with major companies. This case study shows a challenge to sustainability governance particularly in the countries where development-oriented institutions remain firmly in close relation with finance power. Also, the transformation narrative the Korean government used to justify the project signifies that how scientific information can be distorted during the policy process. Document analysis and interviews with the key actors are conducted for this study. Monday, 21 August - Room 27 (60) - 14:00 - 14:40 Drivers and outcomes of altered landscapes Connectivity and cross-scale dynamics in the Anthropocene Chair/s: Magnus Nyström Speed talk: Enhancing Understanding and Determinacy of Sustainable Food Systems within Community Edith Callaghan 1, 2, Liesel Carlsson 1, 2 1 2 Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden Our systems of providing food to communities around the world are dominated by processes that undermine the earth’s ecological and our social systems. Within the complex systems of food provision and consumption, ecological and societal aspects are interconnected in complex, multi-level feedback loops. While impacts of the food system are realized at a local level, many drivers of the food systems are global – decisions made in one region, can have unpredictable and undesirable impacts in distant regions. The nature of our current food system has created a reality in which many communities have largely lost control of their ability to make sound food choices and food policy decisions. Given that the current trajectory is not only undesirable, but will likely have catastrophic effects, what is needed is a more enlightened and intentional evolution of the food system that supports communities in taking responsibility for self determinacy with respect to our interconnected food systems. Our research is designed to facilitate this evolution. Our model of sustainable food was developed with a diverse panel of food system experts in 2015, and informed by basic sustainability principles. The method we employ includes a three round Delphi Inquiry process, and concluding workshop, that facilities sharing of perspectives and information from a diverse set of participants within given communities. Communities are defined as sets of relationships with an ability to influence the system. Our research leads communities through a process of defining: what is a sustainable food system, identifying locally appropriate indicators to track progress toward that ideal, understanding the links among local, regional, and global indicators, and identifying key areas and opportunities for action. At the Stockholm Resilience Conference we will present findings from our initial full application of this process with four communities. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Speed talk: Assessing the vulnerability and resilience of High Nature Value farmlands in space and time Ângela Lomba CIBIO - InBIO (Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology), Vila do Conde, Portugal Shaped historically by farmers and farming practices, many European landscapes are currently dominated by agriculture. Due to the recognized role in the maintenance of biodiversity and its habitats, extensively managed farmlands, High Nature Value farmlands (HNVf), have been highlighted by scientists and policy-makers as critical to protection of the rural environment by enhancing resilience and providing ecosystem services. While the backbone characteristics of HNVf have been recently reviewed, caveats still persist for a consistent implementation of the concept e.g. the scarcity of adequate datasets on biodiversity, land cover and land use, together with the lack of tested, standard approaches to mapping and indicator estimation. Additionally, difficulties in the establishment of a HNVf baseline hamper the European Union (EU) ability to quantify the condition and dynamics of such farmlands, and thus to anticipate impacts of future environmental changes on rural landscapes. Here, results from ongoing case-studies focusing the dynamics of HNV farmlands, in space and time will be presented. By considering several levels of ‘natural value’ e.g. provision and dynamics of ecosystem services, and accounting for their vulnerability and resilience in the face of uncertain future, our results are expected to contribute to the optimization of the design, implementation and evaluation of rural development programs. We expect that this would foster the EU strategy of positively discriminating and supporting farmers in their efforts to ensure the conservation and improvement of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the context of economic and socioecological change. This research is result of the project FARSYD - FARming Systems as tool to support policies for effective conservation and management of high nature value farmlanDs (PTDC/AAG-REC/5007/2014 - POCI-01-01-0145-FEDER-016664), granted by national funds (FCT/MCTES; PIDDAC) and co-funded by FEDER funds through POFC – COMPETE. ALomba is supported by the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) through Post-Doctoral Grant SFRH/BPD/ 80747/2011. Speed talk: Exploring sustainable biophysical human-nature connectedness at regional scales Christian Dorninger 1, Henrik von Wehrden 2, David J. Abson 3 1 Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Germany, Lueneburg, Germany Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Germany, Lueneburg, Germany 3 Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Germany, Lueneburg, Germany 2 Human societies are inherently connected to and dependent on the biosphere through the flow of materials and energy. However, modern societies have been able to gradually disconnect themselves from the productivity of their immediate regional environment by means of industrial technology and long-distance trade. Despite growing calls for societal reconnection to the biosphere, what this means from a biophysical perspective remains poorly understood. Here we conceptualize and quantify biophysical human-nature connectedness at regional scales and discuss how such knowledge may contribute to regional scale transformational processes. We distinguish two mechanisms of biophysical regional disconnectedness. First, ‘biospheric disconnection’ refers to people drawing on non-renewable minerals from outside the biosphere (e.g. fossils, metals and other minerals). Second, ‘spatial disconnection’ arises from the imports and exports of biomass products via inter-regional trade (i.e. social-ecological teleconnections). Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Both biospheric and spatial disconnectedness have potentially far reaching consequences for sustainability. Biospheric disconnection is characterized by a strong dependence on industrial inputs which delay or displace ecological constraints. Similarly, spatial disconnection can result in the net appropriation of resources which create unsustainable lifestyle patterns and teleconnections that potentially disadvantage the ‘source’ regions, especially if the teleconnections are strong and unbalanced. In addition, by increasingly accessing material and energy flows from either distant places or non-renewables drawn from outside the biosphere, societies have developed fundamentally unsustainable behaviours that prevent humans directly experiencing their impacts and reliance on natural ecosystems. People not directly confronted with natural limits are less likely to feel the urge for change. Therefore, instead of making human-nature connections more and more complex and opaque we need to strive for the regional reconnection of people to nature in biophysical terms, which can be seen as a precondition for encouraging a genuine cognitive reconnection of humans to nature. Speed talk: Revealing distal drivers in coral reef social-ecological systems: Mapping land grabbing and human migration at a global scale Linnea Joandi Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden It is well recognized that coral reefs are suffering from a multitude of anthropogenic stressors which are threatening their integrity and existence. This includes stressors such as overharvesting, reduced water quality and habitat fragmentation. However, these stressors (proximate drivers) are surrounded and influenced by distal socioeconomic dynamics that are increasingly steered by global socioeconomic processes (distal drivers). Despite the fact that large-scale socioeconomic processes are receiving increasing attention, research on these aspects is still limited. This thesis scrutinizes, for the first time, how two of these distal drivers - land acquisition (or “land grabbing”) and human migration - play out globally in countries that possess coral reefs. We apply a spatial GIS analysis using global data on >10 000 coral reef locations in 98 countries, global migration rates from 1970-2000 at a 10x10 km grid cell resolution, and >2 300 land grabbing deals in 86 countries. Results show that land grabbing occurs in coastal areas adjacent to coral reefs, both at a domestic, but mainly at an international scale. The land grabbings are, however, unevenly distributed among the different coral reef regions. For human migration, it can be concluded that some coral reef regions have lost more people than they have gained in their coral reef adjacent coastal zones. However, it can also be concluded that the net migration to and within these areas, at a global scale, has been positive from 1970-2000. Consequently, this suggests that coral reefs are facing increased anthropogenic pressure from a broad variety of distal actors and drivers. The study also suggests a new, more inclusive, approach of how to view actors of coral reef management, as well as suggests an alternative way of how to estimate anthropogenic pressure in terms of migration. Speed talk: Response diversity of multiple ecosystem services over time in changing agricultural landscapes Cibele Queiroz 1, Emelie Waldén 4, Henrik Smith 3, Erik Öckinger 2, Regina Lindborg 4 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 3 4 Dpt of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Dpt of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden In the late decades, human-induced drivers have reduced the long-term capacity of ecosystems to provide goods and services essential to human well-being in unprecedented ways. In agricultural systems, efforts for optimizing the generation of particular ecosystem services (ES) such as crop or meat production, lead to the intensification and homogenization of agricultural landscapes, increasing trade-offs between these and other ES and eroding ecosystem resilience. Understanding how these drivers of land-use change impact the capacity of agricultural landscapes to provide multiple ES over time, is therefore a crucial research frontier on sustainability science. Still, our knowledge on the temporal dynamics of ES remains limited and studies assessing the resilience of services over time are scarce. In this study, we focused on response diversity, a critical property of ecosystem resilience, and combined diversity assessments of plants with historical data in 45 agricultural landscapes in Sweden, to investigate how land-use change in grasslands impacted the resilience over time of four ES. We connected services with ecological functions and species by selecting plant traits relevant for key functions connected with each service. We then used the selected traits to group plant species in functional groups linked to each service, and used intra-group species richness to calculate response diversity of the five ES. We performed this analysis for three types of landscape configuration (arable or forest dominated, and mixed). In the next steps of our analysis we will compare the results obtained by current species distributions with the ones obtained with the estimated species distributions 60 years ago. Our preliminary results indicate that the response diversity of ecosystem services over time in grasslands is negatively affected by arable land dominated landscape configurations, when compared with forest dominated or mixed land uses. Speed talk: Modelling the effects of extreme weather on the ecological resilience of farming systems Simon Smart Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, LANCASTER, United Kingdom More frequent extremes of wind and rainfall are expected under climate warming hence storminduced disturbance resulting from flooding and land-slip is likely to become a more common feature of urban and rural environments. Because we rely on soils and their corresponding plant species assemblages for a range of natural ‘services’, knowledge is required about how ecosystems will respond to these disturbance events. For example how will storm-induced gaps and flooded land naturally revegetate in the short and longer term? Will recolonizing species be in shorter supply because newly exposed substrates, combined with a changing climate, provide unsuitable conditions for native and naturalised plants present in the wider species pool? Hence will these new conditions constitute vacant niche space and will new colonists favoured by new configurations of soil and climate provide a different suite of ‘botanical services’ to the preexisting vegetation. We carried out a scenario-testing exercise to explore whether the interaction between a catastrophic storm event and future projected climate space would result in novel abiotic conditions unsuitable for current members of local and regional species pools. We sampled soils that had experienced extreme flooding and land-slip as a result of Storm Desmond that passed across the NW of England in December 2015. Perturbed soils were sampled after the event. Abiotic substrate variables and local climate were used to drive species niche models (SNM) for the British flora in order to determine the magnitude of vacant niche space and hence heightened risk of failure to secure ecosystem service delivery. We show that vacant niche space increased in magnitude with increasing deviation from contemporary soil and climate Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. conditions. We further estimate that colonists from current species pools may still support stabilisation and carbon storage in land-slip sites but in flooded sites novel crops and pollinator plants may be required. Monday, 21 August - Room 32 (30) - 14:00 - 14:40 Community resilience Multi-level governance and biosphere stewardship Chair/s: Rika Preiser Speed talk: Community-Led Innovation in Adaptive Natural Resource Management for Improved Food Security Under Climate Change in Kumaon Lesser Himalaya (KLH) Bhagwati Joshi Government Post Graduate College, Rudrapur, India, Rudrapur, India In Himalaya, geo-environmental constraints not only limit productivity of natural resources, but also restrict development of infrastructure and services. Consequently, subsistence farming constitutes main source of community livelihood. During recent years, traditional mountain agricultural and food system has transformed in response to demographic changes, urban growth, land use changes and globalization. These changes are resulting into depletion of natural resources and disruption of traditional farming system. Moreover, Climate change has stressed subsistence agricultural economy, and increased vulnerability of large population, particularly poor and vulnerable sections of society to water, food and livelihood insecurity. However, the local communities has develop critical knowledge of adaptation to climate change through innovative management of natural resources in marginalized mountain environment. Study analyzed innovative practices coping strategies that indigenous mountain inhabitants evolved for management of land, water and forest resources to respond to climate change, and to assess their impact on community adaptive capacity with case illustration of Kumaon Himalaya. The investigation used comprehensive socio-economic survey techniques and empirical field survey and mapping methods. Results indicated: (i) inhabitants of 27% villages replenished water sources employing traditional water conservation practices; (ii)15% families changed cropping pattern, (iii) in 30% villages community developed indigenous rainwater harvesting system; (iv) 25% adjusted crop-cycle to changes observed in rainfall pattern; and (v) 27% households relocated agriculture. It was observed that innovative adaptation measures developed by indigenous mountain communities are not only improved climate change resilience in subsistence mountain farming system, but also contributing towards conservation of water resources and improving rural livelihood opportunities and food security through participatory natural resource governance that could be translated to all mountain ecosystems all across the planet under rapidly changing climatic conditions. Speed talk: How can risk governance systems strengthen community resilience? A SocialEcological Systems approach Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Elizabeth Carabine, Emily Wilkinson Risk and Resilience Programme Overseas Development Institute, London, United Kingdom At their core, donor-funded climate and disaster resilience programmes provide goods and services to help build assets and minimise the impact of shocks and stresses on people’s lives and livelihoods. Often, efforts are focussed on improving delivery of services that help communities manage risk associated with social-ecological feedbacks including ecosystem, financial and climate services. Evidence related to how ecosystem, financial and climate services can strengthen community resilience at the local level is growing. However, institutional arrangements have implications for the delivery of these services and how people access them. But little is known about the way local risk governance systems and the broader institutional arrangements in which they are embedded, mediate people’s access to these services and therefore lead to improved resilience. Drawing on Social-Ecological Systems theory, we explore those characteristics of risk governance systems believed to be more favourable for building resilience at the community level in different developing country contexts. These include: diversity; polycentricism and connectivity; decentralisation and flexibility; participation and community engagement; and, learning and innovation. This review paper proposes a conceptual framework and assesses the evidence linking risk governance and access to the services needed to build resilient outcomes, drawing particularly on evidence from the Sahel and Horn of Africa. In doing so, we can start to understand where the entry points might be for strengthening resilience and the conditions needed for community-level initiatives to be brought to scale from the bottom up. Speed talk: Resilience of communities in Pontian district from rapid development of Iskandar Malaysia Joharudin Samion, Ismail Said University Technology Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia The concept of community resilience is rapidly gaining ground in developing the sustainable urban planning, parallel to the process of societal development. The issue of community resilience arises from the need to develop understanding on how people would respond to internal and external disturbances. Most studies on city resilience focus on how cities can withstand or adapt from potential threat to society, economy and environment. Little of them discussed in depth the impact of rapid development of a city to the neighbouring districts. This study is to examine the land use pattern change of Pontian district impacting by Iskandar Malaysia on its social, economic and environmental attributes. The data collected from Pontian Land office analyse to show the land transaction pattern, conversion of land used. Whereas the data obtained from Pontian Municipal Council shows that there was a drastic increased in the numbers of application of the planning permission after the announcement of the development of Iskandar Malaysia. The statistics suggest that the rapid and massive development of Iskandar Malaysia indicates an impact to the pattern of land use, and it has altered the social, economic and environment capitals of community in Pontian. The early identification of the relationship between the development of land use and the level of resiliency in communities will lead to assist the stake holders in decision making process, particularly in land management and policy innovation. Assessing the land use changes pattern in Pontian will provide the opportunity to evaluate the fast growing urbanization process which eventually can assist in developing a Community Resilience Land Use Map for Pontian. The map can become a guide for sustainable land use planning and predict the direction of future development in Pontian district, thus early measure can be made to reduce the chronic stress imposed to the community. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Speed talk: Enhancing resilience in fishing communities of the southern Cape region, South Africa Astrid Jarre 1, Greg Duggan 1, Louise Gammage 1, Catherine Ward 1, Charles Mather 2, Rosemary Ommer 3 1 University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada 3 Departments of History and Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada 2 Communities on the southern Cape coast between Witsands and Mossel Bay are intricately linked to the Agulhas Bank subsystem of the southern Benguela, one of the four subsystems of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem. Agriculture, fishing and tourism are the traditional economic pillars of this region, which has only one medium-sized harbour town. Major commercial fisheries include demersal trawl, small pelagics trawl and purse-seine, as well as small-scale traditional handline fisheries and shore-based invertebrate collection and angling. Recently an ecosystem regime shift has been documented for the southern Benguela; the eastern Agulhas Bank region is a hotspot for climate change and several major regulatory shifts are currently catalyzing change in the fishing communities. An inter- and transdisciplinary project initiated five years ago, “South Coast Interdisciplinary Fisheries Research” (SCIFR), is asking: (i) How are natural and social changes in the southern Cape shaping and interacting with marine social- ecological systems?; (ii) How are selected natural resources users in this area responding to global change and how are they shaping change in their region? and (iii) How can the knowledge of the current state of the social-ecological system be used to build more resilient systems? This paper interprets project results so far in the context of a new emerging regulatory environment for both large scale and small scale fisheries in the region. Comparing with, and drawing on, the findings of two major Canadian transdisciplinary projects (CUS and CURRA), we outline paths for progress towards enhancing resilience to global change in the fishing communities of the southern Cape region. In view of the under-capacity of South African State institutions, solutions will necessarily include a tapestry of governmental and non-governmental management institutions to balance the interests of “big money”, “big green” and multiple stakeholders at smaller scales. Speed talk: Community-based resource management recovery facing disaster: A case of earthquake impacted community marine protected areas in Bohol, Philippines Ashley Perl 1, Tim Daw 1, Heather Koldewey 2 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom At a time when anthropogenic pressures on the planet are increasing, natural disasters have become more commonplace, and many of those impacted are from the most vulnerable populations. It has become increasingly important to understand what contributes to the recovery of these populations. Vulnerable communities are often highly reliant on their natural resources as a source of livelihoods, and use forms of community-based management (CBM) to govern their own resource use. When a disaster does strike, it has the capacity to shock all parts of the community, including natural resources and their management. Using a case-based approach, seven community-based marine protected areas (CB-MPA) that were impacted by an earthquake in Bohol, Philippines on October 15, 2013 were analysed, applying participatory Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. methods; interviews and focus groups. The study found that CB-MPA systems with robust management capacities are better equipped for recovery in the event of a shock. This study found that the level of damage suffered was not related to CBM recovery rate, but rather, to what was damaged. Indeed, even communities with weak management capacities can recover from an earthquake if given extra support. In the event of a disaster occurring in or near a community with a community-based managed area, policy makers should focus their attention on: supporting and enhancing infrastructure critical to the CBM system’s functioning. Policymakers should also pay particular attention to communities with weaker management capacities and, consider incorporating economic incentives into their CBM system to aid recovery in the event of a shock. Monday, 21 August - Room 23 (30) - 14:00 - 14:40 Emergence of stewardship and multi-level governance Multi-level governance and biosphere stewardship Chair/s: Tim Daw Speed talk: Enabling cross-boundary multi-level water governance: Crises, self-organization, collaboration and evolving science-policy-society interfaces Jennifer Bellamy, Brian Head, Helen Ross The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia Multi-level water governance for managing across boundaries (social, political, ecological, and institutional) in the face of uncertainty and change is a wicked problem challenging rational scientific and planning approaches. Collaborative processes are widely promoted for shaping innovation and change in wicked situations. In practice, collaboration in water governance can take many forms that play out differently across various geographical contexts and multiple spatial and temporal scales. Collaboration can be ‘formal‘ (mandated by government and public agencies) or ‘informal’ (self-organised or spontaneous). Collaborative processes involve many relationships, interconnections and inter-dependencies that are not conducive to “business as usual” approaches. Despite tensions being inherent to collaboration across multiple scales, collaborative processes remain the preferred choice for addressing water governance issues (including waterway health, ecosystem services, and human well-being). Recent water governance research has focused largely on design principles for preferred institutional arrangements in mandated situations. How self-organised collaborative approaches enable cross-boundary governance capacities to emerge over time in the face of uncertainty and social, economic, environmental and policy change remains poorly examined. Through an historical and institutional analysis, this paper examines two contrasting Australian case studies of collaborative approaches to cross-boundary water governance over twenty years – one concerns the governance of cross-border water flows in a remote semi-arid river basin, and the other managing water quality across the terrestrial-marine interface in a rapidly urbanizing region. Analysis highlights the way the situational context of each case study evolved to produce very different collaborative approaches to interfacing science-policy-society in water governance. Common challenges include: social and ecological crises, system complexity, incomplete knowledge, divergent interests, dispersed and multi-scalar nature of responsibilities and Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. influence over water management, and the broader institutional, social and ecological situation in which water governance systems are embedded. We conclude by reflecting on further research needs for advancing theory and practice. Speed talk: The Sacred Natural Sites And Their Roles For Ecosystem Conservation In The Context Of Socio Ecological Resilience: Dinsho District, South East Ethiopia Tesfaye Doyo Tesfaye Tola, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia As aimed the existing Sacred Natural Sites (SNS) and their roles for ecosystems conservations in the context of socio-ecological resilience of South east Ethiopia investigated by the study. The conservation trends and challenges to SNS of the last 5 decades (from 1965 to 2015) examined. Purposive and systematic proportional sampling methods were employed and used. Participatory sketch mappings, visual encounter transect walk and Focal Group Discussion (FGD) were sources of data. The spatial points of the all identified SNS from produced maps were collected again by Global Position System (GPS) from ground and analysed by ESRI software and semantic content analysis method used. Therefore, 72 existed SNS that were respected and conserved by entire community and in turn had more worshippers and custodians identified. The identified sacred natural sites were rich of biophysical ecosystems and emerging 63 springs, 19 wetlands, 12 streams and habitat of more wildlife. It also sources and centers of societal and human values that were highly contributed for stability and resilience of the community. The conservation approach of SNS was multisystem also pioneer conservation model that originated exclusively within communities for centuries and the society was appointed few areas were rich of biodiversity as consecrated sites and started conserve. Currently however, the distributions and status of these sites have been decreasing. From 72 of the past only 18 scared natural sites remained with few biophysical ecosystems (36 springs, 8 streams and 7 wetlands). Displacement and psychological damaging of custodian, physically destruction of these sites, lack of land tenure and documentation are existing bottlenecks and serious challenges for these valuable sites devastations. Therefore, it needs serious conservation consideration from community, Government and Non-Governmental Organizations to safeguard these remained valuables sacred natural sites; otherwise we might be lost all of them within the next few years. Speed talk: Multi-scale learning, adaptation and governance in western United States forests Heidi Huber-Stearns, Jesse Abrams, Christopher Bone, Cassandra Moseley University of Oregon, Eugene, United States Human decision-making and climate change are impacting the extent and severity of insect outbreaks across the globe. One of the most extreme examples of this is the early 21st century epidemic of mountain pine beetle infestation across coniferous forests of the western United States and Canada. Historically, natural resource management approaches in the United States have sought to repress, confine or reduce variation in the natural system, which can temporarily reduce natural disturbance effects on a region, but over the longer term can reduce resilience in both natural systems and management systems. The rapid, large-scale and uncertain change created by the mountain pine beetle epidemic posed new challenges to forest managers in the western United States, including the United States Forest Service, the federal agency tasked with managing the majority of forested US public lands. Faced with a mandate to mange forests Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. for multiple uses and sustainable yields of services, the US Forest Service faced challenges in balancing these mandates with the urgent need for responding to mountain pine beetle impacts. This presentation will discuss findings from four case studies of national forests and surrounding communities in the western US, where mountain pine beetle posed significant challenges for management. All four cases are subject to similar national level influences. However, these findings highlight the differing social, political, economic and ecological conditions the cases faced at the local, state and regional scales, all of which shaped their management strategies and response to the mountain pine beetle epidemic. These findings identify a range of learning, self organization, and adaptation, both within and between scales. These cases also demonstrate how, over time, responses to mountain pine beetle impacts evolved into considerations of resilient forests in a future of uncertainty and change. Speed talk: Scaling up and back down again: approaches to managing ocean acidification on the west coast of North America Terrie Klinger University of Washington, Seattle, United States On the west of North America, ocean acidification (OA) has emerged as an issue of social, ecological, and economic concern. OA is caused primarily by global emissions of carbon dioxide and secondarily by local and regional factors. OA produces chemical and biological effects that threaten to propagate through marine ecosystems and reduce societal benefits derived from the ocean, for instance through negative effects on aquaculture and fisheries. Socio-political responses to the threat of OA on the west coast offer an example of actions taken across multiple scales. Spurred from the bottom up, actions by shellfish growers and scientists in Washington state (U.S.) coalesced into larger initiatives taken by government entities at state and regional levels, ultimately leading to the formation of an international alliance. The international alliance then returned responsibility for action to multiple levels of governance, including those at the lowest levels and smallest scales. The evolution of this process has been relatively rapid, mostly occurring since 2012, standing in stark contrast to socio-political response to some other environmental threats. Key factors in this evolution have been the emergence of strong leadership and productive collaborations across sectors and scales, underpinned by compelling science, and motivated by concerns over continued food production from the sea. Monday, 21 August - C3 (180) - 14:00 - 15:30 Evaluating approaches to stewardship and resilience Multi-level governance and biosphere stewardship Chair/s: My Sellberg Speed talk: Participatory Evaluation of Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of Rural Landscapes in Eastern Taiwan: A Case Study Kuang-Chung Lee 1, Mei-Ling Fan 2 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 1 National Dong-Hwa University, Shoufeng Township, Taiwan Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Ji-an Township, Taiwan 2 In order to help local stakeholders to monitor the progress of the implementation of the Management Plan for the Cihalaay Cultural Landscape in Eastern rural Taiwan, the research team worked with the indigenous community from 2015 to 2016 on participatory evaluation of indicators of resilience and strategic planning for the site. The research team adopted the indicator system from UNU-IAS’s “Toolkit for the Indicators of Resilience in Socio-ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS).” For the first stage, from June to August 2015, an indicator development working group was recruited and comprised six key local people. In total, six working group meetings were conducted to evaluate the UNU-IAS’s 20 indicators of resilience for the current situation of the site. Second, the research team invited all 25 households of the area to participate in a village meeting. The outcome of the evaluation of the resilience indicators was explained and discussed at the village meeting. For the second stage, from October 2015 to January 2016, five working group meetings and the second village meeting were held by the research team. The meetings were designed to help residents come to strategies to enhance each indicator, based on the outcomes acquired during the first stage. In total, 36 enhancement strategies were worked out by the working group members, and then explained to and discussed with all villagers at the village meeting. The findings show that the recruitment of a small local working group can be an effective way for the research team to explore more in-depth understandings of local people about the indicators of resilience of the area. In general, the participants agreed that the indicator system of resilience of the local area, based on landscape scale, was workable and the outcomes would be helpful to the future management of the Cihalaay Cultural Landscape. Speed talk: Devolving Power from the State: Local Initiatives for Nature Protection and Recreation Katarina Eckerberg, Therese Bjärstig, Matilda Miljand, Irina Mancheva Department of Political Science Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden The quests for devolving more power for nature protection from national to local governments stem from policies at both international and national levels, in line with the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. Likewise, there is growing recognition of the need for local governments to strengthen green infrastructure for citizens for recreation and learning about their environment. In Sweden, starting in 2004, the government has allocated special funding towards this end, to be matched by local funding. In total, 261 of the 290 municipalities have received such funding towards new local projects. The projects should build upon broad local engagement in order to facilitate broad access to nature and promote recreational activities, including the protection of nature areas, creating pathways and nature information devices, and promoting new societal groups to enjoy these areas. This paper presents the results of ten years’ experiences. Our recent survey with responses from 191 municipalities and 20 county administrations, and interviews with key informants, show that the program has been a success in several respects: not only have most municipalities created a wealth of new ways to engage local interests and citizens in nature protection and recreation areas but it has also broadened the ways in which local governments think about how nature is important to their constituencies. Due to innovative ways to count voluntary work as local matching of funding, smaller and less resourceful municipalities have also become engaged. Still, the local needs for further initiatives are deemed considerable. The state support is important both to show policy priority to such Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. bottom-up initiatives and as budget support for nature and recreation interests especially for smaller municipalities. Alike many other local initiatives, however, the importance of key individuals at local level who inspire and facilitate new project ideas to become materialized is crucial. Speed talk: How does adaptive co-management relate to specified and general resilience? An approach from Isla Mayor, Andalusia, Spain SHERMAN FARHAD, MIQUEL A. GUAL, ESTEBAN RUIZ-BALLESTEROS UNIVERSIDAD PABLO DE OALVIDE, Seville, Spain Resilience provides a framework to study the dynamics of social-ecological systems. However, the distinction between specified resilience and general resilience is frequently unclear in the resilience framework. The inherent complexity and uncertainty of social-ecological systems reveals the necessity for new approaches in management, from a top-down system towards a multi-level one. Adaptive co-management has emerged as a response to this need. The present research focuses on the link between Adaptive co-management and specified/ general resilience debate. For the empirical analysis, we use Isla Mayor’s social-ecological system, a southern municipality of Spain with an intensive rice cultivation tradition. The study explores five different faces of adaptive co-management in Isla Mayor: (1) institution building, (2) power sharing, (3) governance, (4) problem solving, and (5) knowledge co-production, social learning and adaptation. The analysis highlights the existence of a task-oriented process aimed at solving problems related to the rice activity. This process has contributed to shape a new multi-level governance system and sharing of power between public authorities and local rice farmers, seemingly contributing to an improved rice cultivation specified resilience. However, the lack of local stewards, collective power and vertical/horizontal links in the governance framework of the remaining socio-economic activities in the region (fishing and tourism) have given rise to some difficulties in their management and interactions with the rice sector, thereby raising barriers to diversify activities and enhance general resilience. The case shows that adaptive comanagement can provide the opportunity to navigate the trade-offs between specified and general resilience. Future research is undoubtedly needed to investigate how systems can be managed to promote general resilience while maintaining a compromise with the socially determined specified resilience. Speed talk: Governing food production in the city: levels, labels, and impacts Olivia Lewis, Heidrun Moschitz, Robert Home Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland Urban food production is a complex form of land stewardship that cross-cuts issues of zoning, resource use, and environmental impacts. The policy landscape affecting urban agriculture is accordingly thematically complex, with involvement from many governmental departments and non-governmental groups. There are many pressures on urban agriculture, particularly demands on the space for other land uses. However, urban agriculture has great potential to meet human needs and aspirations through providing food and/or income, and social and physical wellbeing. The degree to which this practice nurtures or erodes the biosphere depends largely on the methods of urban farmers and gardeners. Both the uptake of the practice of urban agriculture and the methods used are influenced by policies and programs that are enacted at multiple levels of governance. This research aims to assess the effect of policies and programs on urban Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. agriculture using three case study cities in Switzerland. The objectives are to identify which policies and programs exist that affect urban agriculture; at which levels of governance these exist and under which scope they were conceived (e.g. sustainable development, public health) and compare this across cities; and to identify how these policies and programs affect urban farmers and gardeners. The methodology consists of a policy scan, literature search, and interviews with practitioners and experts. The data is analyzed through qualitative content analysis and comparison with results of semi-quantitative Q-methodology. The results allow identification of opportunities for and barriers to uptake of beneficial urban agriculture practices, and provide insight on the potential of creating an urban food policy. Speed talk: Can boundary objects be used to collaborate across timescales? Hope for sustainability initiatives with transient participants Rebecca Laycock Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom Grassroots sustainability initiatives provide essential ‘seeds of a good Anthropocene.’ However, in an increasingly mobile world, these initiatives are faced with transient organisers/participants which can be detrimental to project continuity/efficiency/governance, knowledge retention, participant motivation, and participation levels. ‘Boundary objects’ are abstract or physical things (like common language, documents/maps/diagrams, and methods/routines) that are plastic enough to be interpreted differently, but robust enough to retain a common identity to enable groups of people from different ‘social worlds’ to create coherent understandings for collaboration on a common task. Boundary objects are usually used with groups that are operating over a common time period, but this paper explores if and how boundary objects can be used to support initiatives with transient organisers and participants that are temporally asynchronous. The ideas presented emerged from a 2.5 year Action Research project with three student-led food-growing initiatives at English universities in which participants reported an ‘existential crisis’ caused by participant transience. Because participant recruitment threatened to become the initiative’s main focus, they began to consider success merely existing, and therefore the initiative’s purpose and value were drawn into question. The physical garden space, common ‘visions’ and narratives, records of achievement, and putting the garden on a campus map were found to be operating as boundary objects between ‘waves’ of participants to cope with challenges associated with the transience. The application and understanding of ‘boundary objects’ across timescales presents unique theoretical and practical challenges, such as how collaboration and communication can take place, as well as how and if consensus can be achieved given limited overlap between ‘waves’ of participants. These ‘cross-temporal boundary objects’ have the potential to contribute to the internal resilience of grassroots initiatives with transient participants, enabling them to be more fruitful seeds for larger-scale sustainable transformations. Speed talk: A framework for Ecosystem Services Stewardship: a case study in Tabasco, Mexico Ena E. Mata-Zayas 1, Cesar J. Vázquez-Navarrete 2, David Palma-López 2, Lillly Gama 1 1 Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco. Division Academica de Ciencias Biologicas, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico 2 Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Tabasco,, Cardenas, Tabasco, Mexico Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. There is a wide consensus on the need of developing our capacity to provide wellbeing without eroding the capacity of nature to support future generations. Ecosystem Services approach (ES) has become an important framework to achieve this challenge by responding key questions: what is our current situation, where we want to be (e.g. stewardship of ES) and how to move from one point to another. Practitioners have now a set of tools and guidelines to put in action ES approach. However, the implementation of ES approach is particularly incipient in developing countries and at the local level. Therefore, we developed a framework for the implementation of ES in order to develop capacities to reallocate resources and efforts to support human wellbeing in face of global change and uncertainty. Our ES framework emanates from different ES interventions of public policy in state of Tabasco, Mexico that aimed to tropicalize ES into public policy at state level. We summarize our experience of four years of tripartite collaboration (government, universities and local communities). The resulting ES framework consisted of three key components: (1) key stakeholders (e.g. providers and consumers), (2) relationships and interactions between stakeholder for instance funding, knowledge, technology and planning, (3) finally, specific goals (products) for each decisionmaking level (strategic, tactical and operational). Although in the ES approach the full suite of benefits from the environmental is strategically considered, our ES framework is not written in stone and should be adapted in different contexts, places and time. Furthermore, we also found that ES framework is not a concept that moves consciousness and willingness, this framework needs stakeholders to provide resources to “make it happen”. Local, regional and international stakeholders have to collaborate to develop a culture for the socioecological integration of wellbeing and the stewardship of ES. Speed talk: Some critical reflections on the resilience of the Smart City model Johan Colding 1, Stephan Barthel 1, Magnus Colding 2 1 2 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden IPSafe Sverige AB, Vallentuna, Sweden Increasingly information and communication technology (ICT) runs our daily business, and more recently it has been argued that the Internet of Things (IoT) can help make our cities “smarter”; hence the term “smart city” has quickly become a present-day “buzzword” in the debate on sustainable urban development. This is, among others, mirrored in the dramatic increase in the number of publications addressing the SC concept as well as venues and conferences that deal with the model. However, how smart will our ICT-controlled cities be in the future, who will control these systems, and in what ways can they actually contribute to sustainable urban development? In this co-authored paper between resilience scientists and an ICT-security expert, we analyze and discuss some critical “vulnerability traps” that the SCmodel has from a resilience point of view, putting the model into the wider implications and dynamics of resilience thinking. In the paper we deal with ICT resiliency and “cognitive resilience building”, arguing among others the need for the SC-model to address biosphere stewardship in which global cities could play a much more active role. Speed talk: Managing Microclimates: building global resilience with a local perspective Giulio Castelli 1, Daniel Wiegant 2, Francesco Sambalino 2, Elena Bresci 1, Frank van Steenbergen 2 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 1 Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems (GESAAF), University of Florence, Firenze, Italy 2 MetaMeta Research, ’s Hertogenbosch, Netherlands Microclimates are the result of the interactions between biophysical aspects of landscapes, regional and global climatic conditions, and human actions. At the landscape level, issues such as soil moisture, air humidity, soil and air temperature and wind speed have a decisive impact on the nature and health of an (agro-)ecosystems. When change is made to a landscape, changes are made to the local micro-climate as well. In the global climate change debate, mitigation and adaptation are dominant concepts, while the management of local climatic conditions is largely unattended. As there is little evidence that humans can modify global climate and temperature in the near future, it is crucial to focus on microclimates. Stable microclimates can buffer exacerbating weather extremes, contributing to the resilience and well-being of ecosystems and productive systems, carbon sequestration and biodiversity. This work analyses the various components of microclimates that together build ecosystem resilience, and presents a framework for microclimate management, discussing a range of interventions that have the potential to improve the microclimatic situations and the ecological functions of landscapes. Five main microclimatic components are identified: air temperature, soil moisture, soil temperature, air humidity, wind direction and speed. The first part of the paper discusses how these microclimate components affect biological processes, and what this means for the resilience of ecosystems and productive systems. The second part of the work present three clusters of management actions: water buffering through soil conservation and water harvesting, functional re-greening and microclimate-compatible land use planning. The potential and the effects of each action to manage and improve microclimatic conditions and interactions is analysed, in order to propose a guideline to build investment strategies for landscape restoration and resilience through microclimate improvement. Speed talk: The evolution of Dutch nature conservation policy: the interplay between actors, institutions and discourses Raoul Beunen Open University, the Netherlands, Heerlen, Netherlands The Netherlands has a long and successful history of nature conservation. Over the 20th century it has developed and implemented an ecological network of protected sites and has managed to improve the environmental quality in many places. All this was possible through a range of policies and practices that have been developed and implemented by a changing configuration of public and private actors. From the beginning of the 21th century, nature conservation gradually slipped into a crisis. This crisis was strongly influenced by critiques on the top-down and technocratic way in which the EU Birds and Habitats Directive were implemented in the Netherlands as well as by the increasing focus given to legal forms of governance. The crisis showed the vulnerability of the system through which biodiversity was governed, as longstanding policies and practices of nature conservation became disrupted as an unintended consequence of international policy implementation. It is only more recently that nature conservation is showing signs of a revival in which citizens’ initiatives and nature-based solutions are playing an important role. The experiences from the Netherlands offer valuable lessons about the governance structures and processes that shape nature conservation practices and outcomes. In this contribution we use Evolutionary Governance Theory to unravel the dynamics that drove the developments in Dutch nature conservation policy. We analyse how changing discourses on nature and nature conservation emerged and gained impact, how these Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. discourses could disrupt existing institutional structures, and how novel approaches have been developed and introduced in response. Building on these insights we reflect on the ways in which an evolutionary understanding of governance, paying attention to the dialectic interplay between actors, institutional structures and discourses, can further our understanding of the possibilities and limits of bringing about sustainability transformations. Monday, 21 August - Room 26 (50) - 14:00 - 14:40 Governance and social-ecological fit Multi-level governance and biosphere stewardship Chair/s: Malin Jonell Speed talk: Harmonizing food security and biodiversity governance: A multi-level governance analysis with the case study in Ethiopia TOLERA SENBETO JIREN, Ine Dorresteijn, Arvid Bergsten, Neil Collier, Julia Leventon, Joern Fischer Leuphana University, Luneburg, Germany Achieving food security and biodiversity conservation are two of the most prominent contemporary global challenges. Minimizing and managing tradeoffs between food production and biodiversity conservation requires, among other things, appropriate governance systems – including appropriate structures, processes and institutional arrangements. Despite possible synergies of food production and biodiversity conservation at local scales, this potential remains underutilized. Key reasons include insufficient integration of stakeholders within multi-level governance processes. Moreover, coordination can be poor between stakeholders across sectors and both vertical and horizontal governance levels, which further hampers the effective management of food vs. conservation tradeoffs. In addition to governance structures, mismatches between policies, strategies and plans, as well as contradictions across scales and sectors, hinder the effective harmonization of food security and biodiversity goals. Here, based on extensive data obtained from 230 stakeholder interviews and focus group discussions across from local to national levels in Ethiopia, we examine both governance structures and processes that may hamper the integration of food security and biodiversity conservation. With respect to governance structure, we studied stakeholders, their interaction and network in a multi-level governance arrangement. For governance processes, we analysed the qualitative data via content and discourse analysis. Our findings indicate that a hierarchical top-down governance structure, lack of interaction between key stakeholders, structural mismatches, mismatches between regional goals and local realities and interests, recentralization of decision making power, absence of good governance, and weak institutional capacity all appear as major stumbling blocks to harmoniously achieve food security and biodiversity conservation goals in Ethiopia. Speed talk: Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Who is in and why? Actors’ engagement in collaborative governance for cultural landscape stewardship: two case studies from Spreewald, Germany and Berg en Dal, The Netherlands Claudia Sattler 1, Ester Budding 2, Anika Hirt 3, Andreas Kubatzki 4, Barbara Schroeter 1, Lenny van Bussel 5 1 Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Socio-Economics, Muencheberg, Germany 2 Wageningen University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Environmental Sciences master program, Wageningen, Netherlands 3 Humboldt University of Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division of Resource Economics, Integrated Natural Resource Management master program, Berlin, Germany 4 University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Geoecology master program, Potsdam, Germany 5 Wageningen University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen, Netherlands This study explored actors’ motivations to engage in collaborative governance for cultural landscape stewardship in two case studies. Collaborative governance refers to the cooperation of actors from different societal spheres (public, private, and civil society sector), who are active at different spatial scales (local to national), in support of the preservation of unique cultural landscapes. Stewardship relates to the financing and implementation of measures to maintain traditional land use practices that have shaped those cultural landscapes over centuries or to increase the landscapes’ capacity to provide specific ecosystem services, such as habitat connectivity, recreational value, or flood protection. Often, the emergence of such collaborative approaches takes place in response to a cut-back in public funding and thus retreat of publicly supported interventions and maintenance measures. For the analysis the interview-based NetMap tool for social network analysis was used to: i) identify actors and their roles in landscape stewardship, ii) investigate how they cooperate and interact, e.g. how they share knowledge or resources, iii) assess their influence in and benefits of mutual decision making, and iv) define their prior motivations for the involvement. Results presented relate to the application of the Net-Map tool to investigate stakeholders’ interaction in two existing governance approaches a citizen foundation and a water management association, in the Spreewald region, Germany, and stakeholder mapping of all actors involved in landscape management in the Berg en Dal region, The Netherlands. The outcomes of the analysis, the visualized network maps, which were created based on the perceptions and implicit knowledge of the interviewees, were also used to highlight particularities, such as absent links, or imbalanced power relations and to discuss possible improvements in the collaboration of actors together with the stakeholders. In this way, the method helped in facilitating a social learning process among the involved governance actors. Speed talk: Connecting Socio-ecological dynamics of Coastal Small-Scale Fisheries for Colombian Adaptive Governance Lina Maria Saavedra-Díaz 1, Luis O. Duarte 2, Luis M. Manjarrés 2, Darlin Botto 2, María González 2, Félix Cuello 2, Catalina Angel 2, Jairo Altamar 2 1 Socioecological Systems Research Group, Biology Program, University of Magdalena. lsaavedra@unimagdalena.edu.co, Santa Marta, Colombia Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 2 Laboratorio de Investigaciones Pesqueras Tropicales, Universidad del Magdalena, gieep@unimagdalena.edu.co, Santa Marta, Colombia The coastal small -scale fisheries of Colombia face a wide range of problems and conflicts. Due to this complexity this research has been built through two stages. In the first stage (from years 2008-2012) were identified many problems shared among communities from both the Caribbean and the Pacific coasts (bi-coastal), others were unique to a subset of the communities, only occur on one of the coasts (uni-coastal) or in an individual locality. To come to grips with the major problems for these fisheries requires establishing a fisheries management strategy that can prioritize solutions at different levels: national, coastal, and local. This study describes the main problems and solutions identified by three sets of stakeholders: fishermen, local leaders and fisheries experts, to improve small-scale fisheries management in Colombia. All three sets of stakeholders recommended that the government put in place fundamental regulatory framework for small-scale fisheries. Some but not all groups supported specific measures, such as gear restrictions, closed areas and closed seasons. In the second stage (2014-2016), this research is trying to understand how Colombian small-scale fisheries could be managed on both coasts through a bottom-up approach working with fishermen from different communities and interacting at the same time with the National Fisheries Administration in order to strength adaptive governance through the improvement of communication and trust between these two main fishery stakeholders. This interaction has been done thanks through a research team-work that has allowed the Academia to be a main stakeholder to facilitate the dialogue among government and users throughout the interactions among different scenarios. The research has evolved and changed through the time, using Local Traditional Knowledge as Fisheries Management Tool, and simultaneously as the baseline to stablish which measures could be turned into fishery agreements based on a consensus among the government and users stakeholders. Speed talk: Water Resilience: An emerging paradigm? Lucy Rodina Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada This work is part of a broader study that investigates how resilience thinking is transforming water governance at different scales – from neighbourhoods, to cities and globally. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the concept of resilience as it applies to the domain of water governance, both in academic and policy work, specifically in relation to floods, droughts, water quality risks and water security. The evidence is drawn from a bibliometrics analysis of academic literatures through Web of Science, and analysis of nearly 500 policy-relevant documents by international organizations influential in the field of global water governance (e.g., OCED, World Bank, UNEP, UNDP, UN Water, Water and Sanitation Program and others). I find that resilience has been increasingly applied in the context of water related risks over the last two decades, and in particular, has been strongly associated with climate change and with ongoing development challenges in the Global South. I further report that water resilience is framed and applied in multiple ways, focusing on various systems (built infrastructure or ecosystems) and communities from the Global North to the Global South, in relation to a wide range of risks (climate change, floods, droughts, and infrastructure failures). However, within this complexity there are clear trends: a) An increasing emphasis on managing uncertain and unpredictable variability in the hydrological cycle through more flexible and adaptive approaches b) An increasing emphasis on harnessing ecosystems and green Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. infrastructure as buffers against shocks c) A strong focus on integration across different sectors and domains of water governance d) A questioning of the scales at which water resources are to be managed. I conclude with a series of recommendations for water managers and decision makers about practices that will contribute to the transformation of the water sector towards a more resilient water future. Speed talk: The projectification trap - how funding structures risk to shortcut long-term urban sustainability ambitions Sara Borgström Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Stockholm, Sweden Attracting resources is a key aspect in any local or small-scale initiative with ambitions to grow and have large-scale impact, being it bottom up, top-down or in partnership. In order to support creativity in the search for new ways of doing, organizing and thinking (DOT) for solutions to “glocal” challenges such as climate change, the application of start-up models for financing has become the dominating structure. This is related to the new public management discourse that among other things are seen in the reorganisation of urban planning into projects. The projectformat of funding has very likely resulted in an increased flow and diversity of new initiatives and projects that potentially provide the creative grounds. It also supports flexibility to adapt to new understandings and changing conditions the as well as transfer of support to where it is considered most needed for the time being. However, the strong priority of short-term, very innovative initiatives leaves very little financial room for supporting continued development and long-term commitments. This trap of projectification that this paper seeks to conceptualize, risks to cause an ineffective and leaking system of knowledge, where new insights are not captured or spread among actors and where the long-term governance learning and ability for up-scaling become limited. By the use of an empirical study of the multi-level governance of sustainable development in Stockholm region, Sweden, this paper explores and discusses the impacts of financing structures on transformative capacity with focus on long-term governance of wicked problems. Monday, 21 August - C1/C2 (250) - 14:00 - 15:30 Transformative agency Part I Social-ecological transformations for sustainability Chair/s: Andrea Downing Speed talk: On the systems of transformative agency J. Mario Siqueiros-García 1, 2, Abril Cid 3, Lakshmi Charli-Joseph 2, 3 1 IIMAS-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico IE-LANCIS-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico 3 Posgrado en Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico 2 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Transformation is a widely explored concept in the context of sustainability studies. Efforts have been directed mostly to clarify its meaning in a way that can become an operational concept. Framed under such discussion, the notion of agency emerges as a desired feature of those who will lead transformation. Nevertheless, there is not a clear idea of whom may be those drivers of change and what are their required characteristics. This work is the product of our transformation projects in Mexico aimed at developing collective agency from a diversity of stakeholders. Through this work we aim to open a discussion around the idea of Systems of transformation. We understand these systems as agencial dynamical entities capable of inducing change in social-ecological systems towards different pathways and maintaining the viability of the new pathway. In order to delineate a notion of Systems of transformation we describe the characteristics and properties necessary -though may be not sufficient- for an entity to become a system of transformation. Speed talk: Design solutions for a new model of “Alpine urbanism” in reviving mountain regions Tobias Luthe University of Applied Sciences HTW Chur, Chur, Switzerland ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland MonViso Institute, Ostana, Italy Mountain social-ecological systems are at the forefront of indicating ecological change with direct and indirect impacts on downstream communities. After a period of abandonment, a new kind of migration, jargonized „alpine urbanism“, is helping the revival of mountain regions and strengthening their resilience. What constitutes a new model of alpine urbanism in mountain regions? We narrate and evaluate the success story of transforming the community of Ostana, Italy, using visual photo narratives, longitudinal social network analysis of migration and initiatives, and design solutions, to present a successful revival model after facing a dramatic de-population crisis. We introduce community-led initiatives and open a dialogue on real-case challenges and solutions on multiple scales as transferable „recipes“. We hereby combine scientific knowledge in sustainable mountain development with the voices of mountain inhabitants. We present a real-time real-world social-ecological laboratory for new mountain lifestyles on different scales, explore how the political framework can improve (social) integration processes of new entrants and attract the “best-fit” people, while migrating entrepreneurs incubate bottom-up transformations. We critically discuss the balance of cultural preservation and its development to enable the transformation of mountain communities. The main objectives addressed and discussed in this paper are to (1) Showcase a successful approach to transform and revive an abandoned mountain community, (2) Apply the "Adaptive Waves" conceptual framework for resilience and deliberate transformation, (3) Introduce communityled initiatives to revitalize a mountain community and its scalable impacts on the region and beyond, (4) Open a dialogue on real-case challenges and solutions on multiple scales for sustainability transformations, (5) Present a laboratory for new mountain lifestyles on different scales, and (6) Show how the political work of individuals can improve (social) integration processes of new entrants and attract the “right” people and entrepreneurs to enhance sustainable development. Speed talk: Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Political agency for disaster resilience in practice: insights from Australian coastal communities Silvia Serrao-Neumann, Darryl Low Choy Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Australia, Nathan, Australia Human agency is a critical component of adaptive capacity concerning environmental change. Agency refers to individuals’ capacity to become proactive, and mobilise others and resources, in dealing with environmental change rather than being its victim. This capacity may entail individuals and communities’ abilities to live with change and uncertainty, reorganise and renew their social-ecological systems, learn from experience, and create opportunities for selforganisation and transformation. However, agency is also influenced by the structure of the system it is trying to change, hence the need for political agency in its expanded view (cf. O’Brien 2015). This paper investigates the conditions which are necessary for political agency to flourish in communities affected by disasters caused by natural hazards – which may intensify because of climate change. The paper draws on action research carried out in two Australian coastal communities which have been affected by severe disasters, and continue to be susceptible to natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, floods, wildfires, and sea-level rise. Both communities took advantage of their disaster recovery phase to undertake a participatory, and essentially bottom-up, planning process to prepare and implement strategies to increase their resilience to future natural hazards. The paper discusses the challenges to political agency confronted by both communities in harnessing opportunities for transformation during the process of preparing and implementing their strategies for change. Challenges are discussed from an intrinsic (individual and community’s agency capacity) and external (structure of the system) perspectives, including: understanding current and future problems affecting their social-ecological system through knowledge information and generation; devising solutions to critical problems and understanding associated implications; understanding other people’s and self- interests and values; developing and applying holistic and integrative thinking to solving problems; and communicating and implementing solutions. Speed talk: Ecosocial innovations – small-scale steps towards sustainable economy and resilient communities? Tuuli Hirvilammi 1, Ingo Stamm 2, Aila-Leena Matthies 3, Kati Närhi 4 1 Postdoctoral researcher University of Jyväskylä Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius, Kokkola, Finland 2 Postdoctoral researcher University of Jyväskylä Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius, Kokkola, Finland 3 Professor of Social Work University of Jyväskylä Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius, Kokkola, Finland 4 Professor of Social Work University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland The present production, employment and income systems are built on the premises of an unsustainable growth economy. Within this economic system, the challenge of unemployment is often seen as a social risk and an economic problem without understanding how employment is intertwined with the broader social-ecological system. Consequently, the aim of increasing production can result in improving the employment situation in a society – but often at the expense of the resilience of the biosphere. Drawing upon the social-ecological resilience approach we call for more integrated solutions and search for innovations in production and participation which are embedded in a resilient biosphere. This presentation is based on a 4- Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. year-long Finnish research project funded by the Academy of Finland that studies the contribution of social work and systems of income security for the transition towards sustainability. In this phase of the project, we focus on “ecosocial innovations” emerging in European countries. With ecosocial innovations we mean organizations, projects or selforganized groups that are developing sustainable production and consumption patterns and new participation possibilities, especially for young people in precarious situations. We present the preliminary results of five empirical case studies on ecosocial innovations conducted in four European countries (Finland, Germany, Belgium and Italy). We illustrate how for instance food co-operatives, upcycling workshops, social kitchens and open art galleries are contributing to sustainable economy and resilient communities. Inventing and developing these initiatives requires a strong commitment and engagement but rarely offers a sufficient source of income for the participants. Thus, we ask how do people involved in these innovations make their living and what kind of work is needed to sustain and advance the new social practices of these ecosocial innovations. We also discuss what structural obstacles they face and what policy changes could improve their transformative potential. Speed talk: Transformation: from protective infrastructure to multi-functional landscapes Daniella Hirschfeld, Kristina Hill University of California - Berkeley, San Francisco, United States The question of how to address the future challenges of sea level rise has been debated in the climate adaptation and spatial planning fields. Scholars such as Roggema (2012) argue for the identification of harbingers of change while others such as Hurlimann (2014) focus on an inclusive approach. However, the current research has not adequately created a framework to assess project proposals and their long-term strategic impact. Our paper addresses this gap with special attention to the San Francisco Bay context where market forces are the primary drivers of change. Specifically, in this project, we build on the prior work of Timmerman (1997) and his conceptualization of coastal cities as well as the growing body of literature on intentional changes in social-ecological systems (SES). First, using a simplified typology we categorize current physical proposals and compare the degree of change they are able to generate. Additionally, using iterative spatial models we will demonstrate possible future changes around the San Francisco Bay. We will discuss how different projects compare to each other as well as the degree of change they could generate in the bay. We argue that by using this framework, which is based on prior work in the field of evolutionary landscapes, planners can better manage transformations of social-ecological system. In conclusion, this project, by closely examining current proposals in comparison to long-term needs, sheds new light on the little recognized issue of inter-generational and inter-species equity. Works Cited Hurlimann, Anna, et al. 2014. “Urban Planning and Sustainable Adaptation to Sea-Level Rise.” Landscape and Urban Planning 126 (June): 84–93. Roggema, Rob, et al. 2012. “Incremental Change, Transition or Transformation? Optimising Change Pathways for Climate Adaptation in Spatial Planning.” Sustainability 4 (12): 2525–49. Timmerman, Peter, and Rodney White. 1997. “Megahydropolis: Coastal Cities in the Context of Global Environmental Change.” Global Environmental Change 7 (3): 205–34. Speed talk: Transformation mindset providing a framework for implementing socialecological transformation Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Samuel Mann 1, Phil Osborne 1, Phoebe Eden-Mann 3, Lesley Smith 1, Glenys Ker 1, Philip Alexander Crawford 2 1 Otago Polytechnic, Dunedin, New Zealand Te Matarau Education Trust, Whangarei, New Zealand 3 University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand 2 Despite widespread agreement about sustainability goals, progress has been limited because of a disconnect between values of social actors within their professional practice. This disconnect has hampered the agency of sustainable practitioners in driving transformational change because of a lack of clear frameworks for implementing at the level of mindset. This mindset framework recognises the link between values systems and behaviour as established by Schwartz (1996, 2012). In this paper we describe an approach to considering values that we call a transformation mindset. Adopting the structure of the Agile Manifesto, this transformation mindset considers ten elements which extend Sterling’s earlier attributes of thought to mindset elements which provide frameworks for work in conflicted professional practice. We describe the application of the transformation mindset to education for sustainability, transformative business, and indigenous regional development and show that the approach delivers insight and an opportunity to develop alternative systems. We expect that this innovation will allow sustainable practitioners in any field to create and implement sustainable solutions. Speed talk: Inside-out sustainability: The role of inner transformation for system change Rebecca Freeth 1, Christopher Ives 2, Joern Fischer 1 1 2 Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Germany Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom Like all science, sustainability science has separated itself from the world in order to better understand external reality. While sustainability science has generated a much improved understanding of social-ecological systems, it has arguably been less successful in generating transformative knowledge on how to bring about desired changes in these systems. At the same time, we contend that internal dimensions of reality, including internal sources of human agency, innovation and learning, represent a blind spot in sustainability science. In this paper, we assess the field of sustainability science through the lens of Ken Wilber’s ‘integral theory’. Integral theory seeks to synthesise all different modes of human inquiry by understanding knowledge as (i) pertaining to interior versus exterior dimensions, and (ii) relating to individual versus collective entities. Sustainability science has extensively addressed the exterior world, especially at a societal level. By contrast, it has greatly neglected ‘interior worlds’, especially at the individual level. According to integral theory, this means sustainability science has missed a substantial part of human existence, the very entity it seeks to transform. Donella Meadows introduced the notion of deep leverage points - places to intervene in a system for change where change is difficult but will fundamentally alter system behaviour. Arguably, the relative lack of interest in individual, internal change in sustainability science thus amounts to a missed opportunity to engage with one of the deepest leverage points for sustainability there is. Sustainability science, we argue, thus needs to move beyond its roots in enlightenment, and take a stronger interest in the internal values and worldviews within individuals that underpin the external, societal-level patterns we seek to alter. To this end, we invite sustainability scientists into a conversation about combining scholarly pursuits with personal practices that focus on inner change, such as philosophy, psychology, art, ethics, religion and spirituality. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Speed talk: Regenerating Soil, Regenerating the Soul: Theorizing the Role of the “Interior” in Farmers’ Transitions to Regenerative Agriculture Hannah Gosnell, Bruce Goldstein Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States The growing interest in regenerative agriculture, characterized by a management focus on fundamental ecosystem processes associated with soil health, biodiversity, water/mineral cycles and energy flow, an Earth stewardship ethic, and resilience thinking, can be thought of as part of a larger sustainability transition taking place on agricultural landscapes globally that exemplifies an integral approach to climate change adaptation. While there has been some scholarly attention to the “exterior” dimensions of this movement (institutional, technological, behavioral), there is need for better understanding of “interior” dynamics (psychological, cultural, spiritual) that have bearing on the potential for scaling up the movement to a sustained, global transformation. Since the principles and practices associated with this approach to food and fiber production are often quite different than those employed in more conventional forms of agriculture, transitioning one’s operation can be challenging, as the process can involve a whole suite of technical, financial, managerial, and psychological challenges, a steep learning curve, and a fundamental change in worldview towards a more “worldcentric” ethic. Drawing on empirical research on Australian farmers’ experiences transitioning from conventional to regenerative agriculture, the paper uses integral theory to explain the personal transformation that accompanies and, more importantly, sustains farmers’ transitions, and considers how changes in behavior relate to interior and exterior dynamics occurring in the personal, cultural and institutional realms. A key objective is to highlight the value of an integral approach to characterizing critical links between personal and social transformation, and the psychological, spiritual, and ethical development that accompanies new kinds of interactions with soil, plants, and animals. Such systematic consideration of “the interior” are missing from scholarship on social-ecological transformation and can inform strategies for catalyzing and sustaining such transformation in other arenas. The paper also breaks new ground in efforts to integrate theories about social-ecological transformation with integral theory. Speed talk: Transformation to Sustainability: Western Canadian Resource Communities. Robert Summers 1, Kristof Van Assche 1, 2, Monica Gruezmacher 3, Leith Deacon 1 1 Planning and Human Geography, EAS, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Development, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany 3 Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 2 This paper explores alternative planning and economic development strategies that small to medium sized resource communities in western Canada have taken in the face of economic, environmental, social, and cultural instability. It draws from in depth research undertaken by an interdisciplinary team in more than 20 western Canadian communities historically dependent on resource industries. In most cases, the communities have a diverse cultural heritage with long term residents, indigenous populations, and migrant workers. In most cases, economic activities have resulted in significant degradation of local ecological systems and communities have suffered through intermittent or permanent economic downturns as global markets shifted. It was found that some communities have embraced efforts to transition towards increased sustainability and long term resilience with varied levels of success. Key factors contributing to success in transformative efforts include the use of local introspective governance processes to identify community strengths, intercultural engagement, local actors providing strong Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. leadership, collaboration with regional partners, support from provincial governments, and a willingness of local governments to resist or temper outside economic forces seeking to impose particular forms of development on municipalities. The role of local innovation in identifying and enacting strategies towards transforming towards sustainability was of key importance as strategies and ‘best practices’ from elsewhere were often not well suited to the local context of communities. The paper concludes with the development of a procedural framework rooted in collective action theory to assist communities in similar contexts to undertake processes of transformation. The research is rooted in evolutionary governance theory with a specific focus on community planning and development. Speed talk: Muck and magic: individual transformations in social-ecological systems Katrina Brown, Thomas James University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom Transformation is widely promoted in resilience literature yet there are relatively few empirical studies of transformation at multiple scales. Moreover, resilience studies lack a nuanced understanding of how individuals aspire to pursue the alternative visions for the future that lie at the heart of transformational change. This thesis applies a resilience lens to investigate conversions of farmland from conventional to organic status by members of the Tamar Valley Organics Group, UK, as transformations in social-ecological systems. Resilience concepts and ideas are embedded in action research practice to provide a temporal sweep of transformation at the scales of the individual and collective, and how such transformations relate to cross-scale change in a broader social-ecological system. Transformations are identified as intertwined fundamental shifts in understanding and management of agroecosystem fertility. These transformations are shaped by distinct contributions from pioneer and facilitator key individuals through processes of self-organisation and social learning across temporal and spatial scales. Transformations in understanding and management of agroecosystem fertility result in a shift in how individuals connect and relate to change in a social-ecological system. Transformations enable individual feelings of optimism, confidence, and self-efficacy to address and shape dynamic drivers of change. However, individual capacities to scale-out transformations are constrained by limited and marginalising levels of understanding and acceptance of transformations by individuals at more proximal scales. These findings act as the foundations for a more nuanced set of issues to emerge. Transformations are characterised by complex crossscale interplay between small and large changes. It is the way in which these cross-scale dynamics work with each other that informs a resilience understanding of the individual and collective dimensions of transformations in social-ecological systems. Speed talk: Case-specific design of deliberate transformation processes towards sustainable food systems Johannes Halbe 1, Claudia Pahl-Wostl 1, Uwe Schneidewind 2 1 2 Institute of Environmental Systems Research, University of Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Wuppertal, Germany Sustainability transformations require broad societal change ranging from individual behavioral change, to community projects, businesses that offer sustainable products as well as policymakers that set suitable incentive structures. Concepts, methods and tools are currently lacking that help to explore such diverse interactions of actors, as well as help to find strategies to Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. actively facilitate sustainability transformations. This contribution presents a methodology for the analysis and design of case-specific transformation processes. Sustainability transformations are understood as the deliberate implementation of sustainability innovations (e.g., practices and technologies with sustainability benefits), which require learning at multiple societal levels (i.e., individual, group, organizational and policy levels). Supportive factors of learning are practical leverage points for the implementation of sustainability innovations. These learning factors can take the form of knowledge (e.g., skills), institutions (e.g., a piece of legislation) or operational aspects (e.g., infrastructure). The methodology combines an expert and participatory approach to identify learning factors and to examine those relevant in specific cases: 1) a systematic literature review of supportive and impeding factors of learning; 2) a participatory modeling approach to identify case-specific sustainability innovations as well as related implementation barriers, drivers, and actor roles; and 3) a governance system analysis to operationalize these findings by designing case-specific transformation processes as a sequence of action situations. A case study on sustainable food systems in Southwestern Ontario is provided that demonstrates the potential of the methodology to design case-specific transformation processes. Sustainability innovations in regional food systems were analyzed, including urban gardening initiatives as well as organic and diversified farming approaches. Multiple entry points for interventions and roles of several actors were identified based upon local and expert knowledge. More specifically, the case study results underline the importance of consumer awareness, a cooperative mindset of actors within the food system and an enabling institutional context. Speed talk: The role of academic actors along transformations of small scale fisheries. An agency-culture-structure approach. Martinez-Peña Rodrigo, Kirill Orach, Per Olsson, Maja Schlüter Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden Calls for a fundamental change have increasingly been made due to the multiple global environmental crises. Resilience scholarship has responded by studying transformations of linked social-ecological systems towards more sustainable trajectories. These processes of systemic change involve social, political, resource management and ecological change, and imply a shift in regulatory frameworks, norms, values, knowledge production systems, equity, and power distribution. A central issue within this field is to understand how and in what conditions specific actors create, navigate and stabilize change. The role of certain actors such as leaders, stewards and shadow networks is well understood but a study focusing on academic actors is lacking. Here we show that academic actors play a variety of facilitating roles along the phases of the process of transformation by exercising seven types of strategic agency linked to structural relations with funding bodies, although, they often act in spite of their own vested interests. By means of a literature review of case studies of small-scale fisheries transformations we found: groups of scientists conducting participatory action research triggering local transformations, networks of researchers bringing actors together and providing legitimacy in the transition of change and, as a result of the institutionalizing phase, universities becoming co-managers and individual scientist occupying positions within formal decision making bodies. This study takes the morphogenetic approach from realist social theory, which explains social change in terms of structure, culture and agency. Through this perspective it is shown that scientists mainly contribute to modify the cultural sphere, e.g. perceptions, values and knowledge, which precedes change of structures. By using the morphogenetic approach we managed to account for power relations in the study of transformative processes, which Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. contributes to more comprehensive studies in the field. Finally, we aimed to inform a reflection about the endeavor of academic actors in the face of the global social-ecological change. Monday, 21 August - Poster area - 14:00 - 14:40 Cross-cutting theme Poster tour Cross-cutting perspectives on resilience Chair/s: Valentina Savo Poster: Formative resilience assessments transform system resilience Susara Van der Merwe Centre for Complex Systems in Transition, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa Enterprise Resilience Department, Risk & Sustainability Group, Eskom, Sandton, South Africa To apply resilience normatively it is necessary to assess and build resilience throughout the complex system. From educational assessments we learn that assessments can be performed summatively, to report on what students have achieved, or formatively, for teachers to gauge where students are at, to inform the learning required towards mastery. From the application of this insight to systems resilience, different assessment approaches can be categorised based on its intention. If the purpose is comparison of levels of resilience across systems or time, or to give account of levels of resilience achieved, summative assessments should be employed. If the purpose is applying resilience normatively, recognising that resilience cannot be fully attained, ongoing formative assessments needs to be adopted to continuously enhance levels of resilience. As a system’s level characteristic resilience cannot be achieved as the outcome of a linear programme. Instead the enabling conditions need to be created for resilience to emerge across the system using complex feedback. If resilience assessments are done formatively it contributes to a continuous assess-and-build cycle, which can serve as catalyst for resilience to emerge. It facilitates participative processes of reflection on levels of resilience and renewing commitment to resilience objectives. It deliberately strengthens positive feedback loops that becomes part of a virtuous cycle that result in the emergence of resilience across the system. Formative resilience assessments consist of a systematic cycle of investigation, participative engagement and joint reflection to make sense of current levels of systems resilience, discussions on where it needs to improve to achieve resilience norms, and agreement on alternative paths to attain it. It requires focused attention, stimulating a collective mindfulness of resilience objectives and the adoption of multiple alternative approaches. Formative resilience assessments can evolve into adaptive and transformative cycles of building resilience across the system. Poster: Cognitive abilities and the resilience of common pool resource systems to ecological change Samantha Nabity 2, Tam The Nguyen 3, Jacob Freeman 2, Jacopo Baggio 1 Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 1 Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University, Logan, United States Anthropology Program, Utah State University, Logan, United States 3 Computer Science, Utah State University, Logan, United States 2 Most policy challenges–from persistent inequality to pollution control–revolve around social dilemmas. In this paper we test the effects of individual cognitive abilities on the capability of a group to solve a social dilemma in a social-ecological system (SES). Two cognitive capacities are considered critical for groups to solve complex problems associated with social dilemmas: general intelligence (g) and social intelligence (SI). G is critical to understand how a SES works and find the best strategy to manage resources under conditions of ecological change. SI is critical to maintain social cohesion in spite of social change. Thus, a functional diversity of intelligence capacities results in more resilient solutions to social dilemmas in dynamic SES than either an abundance of individuals with high g or SI alone. To evaluate these premises we conducted behavioral experiments where participants learned to harvest resources as a group for three rounds and were then faced with an unexpected ecological change (perturbation) The perturbation reduced the availability of resources, stressing established rules and strategies for harvesting resources. All else being equal, the likelihood of resource collapse increased and gross resource harvest declined after the perturbation. Groups with high average g scores had a lower rate of resource collapse. Groups with higher average SI were better at cooperating in devising strategies to harvest resources prior to and after the ecological perturbation. More optimal harvest results and the minimization of resource collapse were more likely in groups with a mix of individuals with high g and high SI scores. Our results help us understand the effects of diverse individual cognitive abilities on the resilience of a social-ecological system under conditions of ecological change. Poster: Opportunities for resilient communities, ecosystems, and infrastructure by optimizing management of New England dams Samuel Roy 1, Bridie McGreavy 1, Tyler Quiring 1, Emi Uchida 2, Karen Wilson 3, Sharon Klein 1, Emma Fox 1, Joseph Zydlewski 1, 4 1 University of Maine, Orono, United States University of Rhode Island, Kingston, United States 3 University of Southern Maine, Gorham, United States 4 United States Geological Survey, Orono, United States 5 University of New Hampshire, Durham, United States 2 In New England, where an industrial past is reflected along many rivers, dam removal has become a cornerstone of environmental restoration practice. One outcome of dam removal that has received significant attention is improved fish passage to historic habitat, providing a crucial gain in ecosystem resilience and health in New England rivers. However, there are many additional trade-offs that complicate the decision-making process for dam removal or modification, leading to contentious management practices and uncertain outcomes for ecosystems and communities. Many of these decisions are made at the individual project level, with little consideration for the basin-scale impact of removal. We explore ways to improve upon these practices through an interdisciplinary modeling approach to 1) identify basin-scale decision scenarios that optimize trade-offs between multiple ecosystem services; and 2) assess the potential for efficiency gains of those decisions that represent stakeholder preferences. We hypothesize that basin-scale optimization can significantly improve the trade-off efficiency of ecosystem services beyond current conditions, but that plausible opportunities for efficiency gains are shaped by key stakeholder concerns relating to dam decisions. Numerous basin-scale Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. decisions can increase the resilience of some ecosystem services, such as fisheries, with minimal impact to other ecosystem services, such as hydropower generation and reservoir storage. Generally speaking, run-of-river dams located near the head of tide are common choices for removal due to low power capacity and high impact on fish passage. Existing literature and our survey, interview, and media data suggest that stakeholders have major concerns regarding the uncertainty of post-removal conditions, including loss of cultural identity, reductions in property values, and the proliferation of invasive species. We describe how inclusive and ongoing communication between stakeholders and dam removal experts through interviews, focus groups, active and iterative engagement, and participatory modeling approaches helps to understand the constraints and opportunities in improving efficiency. Poster: Raising awareness of marine and climate issues through teaching across subjects in the southern Cape coastal region of South Africa Gregory Duggan 1, Astrid Jarre 1, Grant Murray 2 1 2 Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Duke Marine Lab, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States Marginalised communities are exposed to a multiplicity of stressors, to which some, lacking capacity, tend to react rather than adapt. Successful transformation to a more resilient, adaptive state depends in part on improving access to information and appropriate knowledge tools. Based on findings of ethnographic and interview-based research in two rural, underprivileged communities in the southern Cape coastal region of South Africa, we describe the process, challenges, and successes of co-developing, with students and teachers, integrative teaching modules related to marine and climate issues. The modules augment the South African government’s CAPS school curriculum for grades 7-9, and were co-designed to draw examples and practical lessons from the surrounding environment, exposing learners to a range of scientific and other approaches they otherwise would not have had access to. The modules were designed to provide education to empower, enhancing adaptive capacity and resilience by sharing and spreading knowledge in the communities, including interactive exercises to facilitate knowledge sharing between learners and adult residents. Identified challenges included a lack of contextually-relevant examples and coverage of topics pertinent to the local context in the CAPS curriculum and textbooks. Successes include initiating thinking and learning among the students about pressing social-ecological issues in one community and coterminously opening a conversation around these issues with the community, despite a context of historical marginalisation and mistrust of outsiders. The findings suggest that the codevelopment of the modules is a useful process for enhancing teaching in underprivileged, rural schools, representing a first step in moving beyond typical ‘top-down’ approaches to community education, by focussing on education not only about the environment, but for the environment. In relation to conventional approaches to social learning, the work shifts focus away from learning amongst adults, to fostering resilience thinking, empowering future generations of stakeholders and leaders. Poster: Strategizing rather than coping: considering one’s options in case the fish leave Louise Gammage 1, Astrid Jarre 1, 2, Charles Mather 3, 4, Marcus Haward 5 1 Marine Research Institute & Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. 2 Centre for Statistics in Ecology, the Environment: University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa 3 Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Canada 4 Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa 5 Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia Small-scale fishers, and the communities they support, face a range of social and ecological challenges that undermine their ability to sustain livelihoods and achieve resilience. Traditional handline fishers in South Africa’s southern Cape region are no exception. Responding to these challenges requires an understanding of how these stressors interact in a context of a dynamically changing regulatory environment. The impact and interplay of multiple stressors at multiple scales must be considered to improve our understanding of social-ecological linkages and their associated systems. Only then can sustainable livelihoods be effectively supported through the development and implementation of response strategies that promote community changes to improve social-ecological system well-being. This presentation reports on an interactive and iterative scenario planning process taking place in the small-scale fishing community of Melkhoutfontein. Recent research has found this low- to middle- income community at intermediate levels of adaptive capacity, coping with the multiplicity of stressors related to long-term changes on land, in the sea and in regulations, rather than just reacting or even adapting to them. The initial steps of this transformative scenario planning process have seen future scenario ‘stories’ built by research participants in an interactive and iterative process. This process has included developing structured decision-making tools such as causal diagrams to provide an improved understanding of drivers of change within the context of the social-ecological system. In addition to improved understanding of these drivers, the process has also encouraged capacity building and learning within the community. We reflect on the initial results from the research and on the feasibility of scenarios in ensuring a more sustainable future for Melkhoutfontein and similar fishing communities on South Africa’s south coast. Poster: British Columbia’s new marine spatial plans – A tipping point in marine management in Canada? Linda Nowlan West Coast Environmental Law, Vancouver, Canada The completion of the Marine Planning Partnership (MaPP) plans in 2015 has brought British Columbia (BC) to the forefront of best practices in Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). This innovative governance process, co-led by the governments of BC and 17 First Nations, produced Canada’s first large-scale marine spatial plans for a vast area stretching from the northern tip of Vancouver Island to the Alaska border. Using a unique process, the MaPP plans encompass critical aspects of resource governance through stakeholder participation in decision-making, including allocation of marine space to reflect social and ecological objectives within three zone types (protection management, general management and special management) and employing an ecosystem-based management framework based on resilience principles. The MaPP initiative demonstrates how different orders of government can plan together for a future of sustainable marine management. The plans reflect First Nations laws, values, and traditions, and Marine Advisory Committees composed of individuals from a variety of backgrounds were key to building local support. This conservation planning model can be scaled up in other marine regions of Canada, the Arctic, and globally. Will implementation of these plans mark a tipping point in marine management in Canada? This presentation argues that legalization of the MaPP Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. plans is a necessary step in our transformation to a more sustainable way of using ocean resources. To fully realize the MaPP government-to-government process and resulting plans, and to enhance support and compliance, legal implementation is needed to create binding obligations and new cogovernance bodies, enshrine Indigenous laws and knowledge, and devolve enforcement authority. Legally embedded stakeholder participation rights will accelerate the shift that MaPP has catalyzed. Poster: Inter-agency management of rangelands: Learning effects on innovation adoption rates Gwendwr Meredith, Jacopo Baggio Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University, Logan, United States Public rangelands constitute nearly half the land in the western United States; however, this land is managed by a multitude of different federal and state management agencies. With this mosaic of different management strategies across the landscape, adoption of management innovations that promote the sustainable management of rangelands may not reach their full potential. Empirical data concerning innovation adoption and knowledge transfer among and within these agencies is lacking. Previous research shows that success-biased imitation, in comparison to conformist or individual learning strategies, increases the probability of dealing with ecological disturbances. Thus, for rangeland managers to adopt the most effective management plan, they must rely at least partially on information gathered from fellow managers. To examine innovation adoption acquired through success-biased imitation, I conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with agency personnel. This resulted in a social network of intra- and inter-agency connections based on whom one goes to for advice, perceptions of those advisors’ success, and whether it led to adoption of a rangeland management practice. The data from this empirical case study is helpful in determining how rangeland managers perceived as successful can affect the adoption rates of management innovations. Furthermore, I examine how the perceived success of the initial adopter of an innovation within this network can either limit or expand the innovation’s adoption. Examining patterns of adoption between agencies shows where there is a breakdown in transfer of innovations, marking areas where increased collaboration is necessary. These areas are crucial to identify because agencies managing rangelands will have to operate in a continually changing environment. Their ability to share innovations and knowledge amongst themselves will increase their transformative capacity and the subsequent management quality. Poster: Environmental policy tortuousness: implications for sustainable community coexistence with nature Patience DONWA 1, Osaro AGBONTAEN 2 1 2 University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria PAN-Atlantic University, Lagos, Nigeria The environment experiences avertable ecological hazards as a result of the activities of firms in the extraction section. This condition persists because policy undermines the plan to secure inclusive access to replenish devastated biodiversity. Fundamentally, oil and gas exploration persistently degrade terrestrial and marine vegetation because of inefficiencies in handling dangerous wastes that emits toxic chemicals. Basically, the Nigeria petrol industrial bill specifies health, safety and environmental standards. However, it does not state the process of Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. implementation and effective monitoring. This study sheds light on systematic policy insights directed at community-based biosphere conservation relating to oil exploration. It examines domestic and international policies potential to mitigate the environmental plights of the rural oil producing communities. It seeks how these virtual revolutionary policies support natural resource management. The autoregressive distribution lag model test the dynamics of the variables specified. These include gas flare growth rate, which represent environmental damage because of flares. Change in the value of crude oil export represents the effect of crude oil exploration. Difference in domestic crude oil exploration output at the 1990 crude value indicates the international permitted limits as declared in the Kyoto protocol. Gas flared annual value deducted from its 1977 worth captures the Nigeria Petroleum Act efficiency. Community agitation dummy expresses regional crisis, while government intervention shows welfare intensity in petroleum producing area. The results suggest that the policies guiding oil and gas extraction in Nigeria are not environmentally prudent. The present generation stands the risk of losing the ecosystem that has supported their existence for centuries. Consequently, the future generation may not have a foothold on cultural environmental insights for survival in the region. Other findings have implications for government, donor agencies, prospective investors and company’s oil and gas exploration regulations. JEL Classification: C32, L71, N50, O11, O21, Q40, Q50, R23 Poster: Ocean Resilience – Two Sides of One Coin Anja Engel 1, Konrad Ott 2, Heidrun Kopp 1, Enno Prigge 1 1 2 GEOMAR Helmholtz-Centre for Ocean Kiel,, Kiel, Germany Department of Philosophy University Kiel, Kiel, Germany Human activities have altered the ocean and its ecosystems beyond their natural state. Anthropogenic impacts on the ocean are manifold and include warming and acidification, deoxygenation, biodiversity loss and bio-invasion, eutrophication, resource extraction and pollution. As a consequence, ocean and ecosystem services such as food provisioning, climate regulation, coastal protection and cultural benefits are diminishing. Eventually, finite marine resources and services will inevitably require a shift from conservation to recovery. With a growing proportion of humankind living close to the sea, ocean disasters such as tsunamis, submarine mass movements or volcanic eruptions increasingly impact societies around all ocean basins. Ocean Resilience mutually addresses human-ocean relations, the societies as well as ocean ecosystems, and their capacities to endure and recover from stress and disturbances. How a positive synergism between societies and ocean ecosystems can be achieved in the future is one of the central research questions of the Excellence Cluster ‘The Future Ocean’ at Kiel University. Providing new ideas for mitigating anthropogenic disturbances and for marine ecosystem restoration, and developing new concepts for societal resilience to natural oceanic disasters will be an important step to secure sustainable human-ocean interactions in the future We will present the concept of an integrative and transdisciplinary approach to address (i) threats to the ocean and prospects of marine ecosystems to endure and recover from stress and anthropogenic disturbances (ecosystem resilience) and (ii) threats from the ocean and the capability of (coastal) societies to reduce risk (coastal resilience) and to adjust adaptation and mitigation planning to ocean disasters. Poster: Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Innovations confronting reality: Effect, perception and adaptation of innovations in soil-water conservation and nutrient recycling in Bolo Silasie, Ethiopia Linus Dagerskog Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Reslience Center, Stockholm, Sweden Food demand in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is expected to increase three fold by 2050 as a result of rapid population growth together with dietary changes from increased incomes. The challenge will be to intensify food production while maintaining and preferably enhancing the underlying natural capital and associated ecosystem services, on a sub-continent where 50 million small farms produce the lion share of the food consumed. This challenge is reflected in the SDG2, calling for “…doubling production of small holder farmers” while “…ensuring sustainable food production systems”. Conservation of local soil, water and nutrient resources is fundamental to sustainable food systems. Innovations facilitating both resource retention in the field in the field and the recycling of what is taken out from the field need to be tried out, adapted and adopted on in local contexts. In Bolo Silasie village in Ethiopia, the biophysical effects and possible synergies of promising innovations related to conservation tillage, water harvesting and productive sanitation were tested with farmers in various field trials 2012-2015. For such innovations to scale up/out, they need not only to be economically beneficial but also fit the needs of the local farming system and culture as well as being in line with national policies and legislation. A cost-benefit analysis as well as surveys on farmer perceptions and the process of adaptation of technologies to suit local realities will be shared. These local results together with the Ethiopian institutional context frame the analysis of opportunities and hinders for further uptake of the tested innovations. Poster: MODELLING SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL TIPPING POINTS FOR THE LATINAMERICAN CENTER OF SCALLOP CULTIVATION (MOSETIP) Lotta Clara Kluger 1, Philipp Gorris 2, Sophia Kochalski 3, Miriam S. Müller 4, Giovanni Romagnoni 5, Matthias Wolff 1 1 Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany, Bremen, Germany 2 Institute of Environmental Systems Research (IUSF), Osnabrueck University, Germany, Osnabrueck, Germany 3 Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany, Berlin, Germany 4 Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Mexico, Mazatlán, Mexico 5 Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Dept. of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway, Oslo, Norway This project aims to analyse the resilience of the social-ecological system (SES) of a bay system in North Peru through an integrated network modelling approach. In this bay, an open-access multispecies diving fishery was recently transformed into a property-rights-based regime for the cultivation of the Peruvian scallop (Argopecten purpuratus). About 25000 persons are involved in the scallop production process, representing the most important socio-economic activity in the region. However, it is assumed that today’s single-species dependence makes this SES highly vulnerable as scallop market price fluctuations and environmental disturbances may threaten scallop populations and alternative livelihood options appear absent. For instance, Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. during El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, higher temperatures and strong rains, as well as changes in primary productivity, species composition and biodiversity are observed in this region. Scallop populations are predicted to suffer from the resulting reduction in water salinity and natural food production. Furthermore, scallop overstocking may surpass the bay’s ecological carrying capacity at a certain (tipping) point, threatening ecosystem functioning. The sustainability and resilience of the SES thus depends on successful ecosystem-based management and on the ability of local stakeholders to cope with disturbance events. A socialecological network model based on trophic and non-trophic interactions (links) among functional groups (nodes) was constructed. First preliminary results of this ongoing research include the identification of key nodes and pathways, and the exploration of different environmental and management scenarios for the prediction of tipping points as well as points of leverage to render the system more resilient. Hereby, this work helps to better understand the feedback mechanisms between scallop mariculture, ecosystem health, and people’s well-being, and the effects of management measures to improve the resilience of the overall SES. Poster: Closing the Phosphorus supply chain through Phosphorus recovery in European urban areas. A case study on Stockholm Budapest Claudiu Eduard Nedelciu 1, Kristin Vala Ragnarsdottir 1, Ingrid Stjernquist 2 1 2 University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland Stockholm University, Stokcholm, Sweden Phosphorus (P) is one of the three irreplaceable fertilizers needed for agricultural production. Most of the P fertilizers come from phosphate rock, obtained by surface mining in countries like the US, China and Morocco and peak production is imminent in the future. Once applied on farms, a part of the P is absorbed by crops for growth, while another part leaks into waterways causing eutrophication in surface waters, coastal zones and inland seas. P is also found in sewage and it is an important component in urban wastewater, further contributing to eutrophication of water resources. This poster investigates the degree to which urban areas can reinvent their role from main P pollution and P loss hubs into hotspots of P recovery through a circular system, by exploring the socio-economic processes needed for such a transformation. An increase in population and food production will potentially increase P pollution from agricultural runoff and sewage. We explore the role of P recovery from urban areas as a means to move towards circular P nutrient cycle. P recovery from urban wastewater is already being implemented throughout Europe and several countries have already set up a series of successful projects, some at a large scale. Preliminary results indicate that up to 90% of P can be recycled from sewage sludge, bringing down the need for primary resource extraction, lowering import costs, and reducing harmful environmental pollution. Studies show that Europe, which at present imports 92% of its P fertilizers, could recover up to 15% of its total P need from urban sludge. By using systems analysis and qualitative research methods, this study explores the dynamics of pilot projects in Stockholm and Budapest, in order to determine their efficiency, applicability and upscalability and advance suggestions for innovative solutions to close the urban P cycle in Europe. Monday, 21 August - Poster area - 14:00 - 14:50 Connectivity theme Poster tour Connectivity and cross-scale dynamics in the Anthropocene Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. Chair/s: Max Troell Poster: n aesthetics of resilience: design and agency in contemporary coral restoration Rennie Meyers University of Rhode Island, Department of Marine Affairs, NY, United States TJ Watson Foundation, NY, United States If the Anthropocene points to how human action can destabilise earth’s systems, then it also implies that human agency can refurbish and redesign those same systems in the name of mutual survival. On Koh Tao, an island in the Gulf of Thailand, a cohort of tourists and conservationists collect, cultivate, and propagate coral species on artificial reef structures. Koh Tao's economy is dependent on its local reefs to support scuba tourism, but only the New Heaven Restoration and Conservation Program (NHRCP) maintains conservation efforts to support reef resilience and the island’s economic health. Its students and instructors re-form their relationship to global climate change as doubly active agents in the Anthropocene: first, claiming responsibility for the ecological impacts of anthropogenic climate change; second, reforming the life-path of coral fragments under new scientific and aesthetic paradigms. As scientists, participants prioritise coral species’ genetic diversity and ecological needs. As conservationists, they create narratives that perpetuate investment in resilience. From coral nurseries to underwater sculptures, NHRCP’s participants rework their relationship to global climate change and their own sense of agency made manifest through ecological design. They imagine new livelihoods by fashioning resilient, genetically diverse coral species. Their choices become an aesthetic of resilience. Poster: CONNECTIVITY AND CROSS-SCALE DYNAMICS: MBA LEARNING EXPERIENCES ACROSS THREE REGIONS. Jose M Alcaraz 1, Keary Shandler 2, Mark Edwards 3 1 Munich Business School, Munich, Germany Murdoch University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 3 Western Australia University, Perth, Germany 2 How can non-experts and, particularly, business professionals and students grasp key issues around industry, connectivity and cross-scale dynamics? Here we will present the findings of our pedagogical work, undertaken during more than two years across three regions (Perth in Western Australia, a mining-dependent state, and the two fast-developing regions of Singapore and Dubai). Our key assumption is that it is precisely the business community the one that needs to understand and address important connectivity issues, as industry is the main driver of the Anthropocene. We engaged our MBA [Master in Business Administration] students in an amateur, documentary-style film-making project centered on the linkages between industry, the Anthropocene and the planetary boundaries framework (Rockstrom et al, 2009; Steffen et al, 2015). Here we will present the multiple insights and outcomes (at cognitive, skills and emotional spheres) resulting from their experiential-learning project, and how similar pedagogical experiences may help learners identify key industry dynamics, interactions and teleconnections - experiencing those at the local level ("in their own skin" or "backyard"), at regional and planetary levels. We argue that these are key issues for organizational leaders, to Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. foster deeper and more informed approaches to justice and responsibility and, ultimately, to reconnect with the biosphere. Poster: Exploring the intermediate grounds between local and global resource markets Laura Elsler, Maja Schlueter Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm, Sweden Dealing with the effects and managing cross-scale interactions in social-ecological systems is a central challenge. Interactions across spatial, conceptual and temporal scales can lead to both emergence and contagion. In the context of marine resource exploitation, the globalization of markets introduced these dynamics result, for example, in rapid substitution of supplies, roving bandits and species-related elasticity. Local fisheries markets have rapidly expanded to global trade markets with almost 40% of seafood internationally traded. The threat to the sustainability of the resource creates the pressing need for actions and institutions to manage the interplay of different markets. Building cross-scale management requires understanding of the mechanisms which interplay between and within different markets. Here we model the feedbacks between local and global market, human behavior and fish stocks. The local market serves a limited demand which saturates as supply increases. Global demand is theoretically unlimited. The model results show the resilience of the resource extractor, as one key management unit, increases with diversity in markets and ecosystem. The development of such models is interdisciplinary by essence and will have implications to guide building structures of crossscale management in local resource extraction. Poster: Sustainability Science in Latin America: who is doing what? Juan Rocha 1, 2, Matias Piaggio 3, 4, Nestor Mazzeo 4, 5 1 Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden Beijer Institute, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Environment for Development (EfD) - Tropical Agricultural and Higher Education Centre (CATIE), Turrialba, Costa Rica 4 Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay 5 South American Institute for Resilience and Sustainability Studies, Maldonado, Uruguay 2 Resilience and sustainability science have been vibrant areas of research worldwide. Concepts, theory and methods have developed within the scientific realm and appropriated on the policy one. However, these developments have followed different scholarly trajectories responding to local needs and priorities, especially in developing countries. Here we review the development of resilience and sustainability science in the Latin American context. Using tools from text mining, we analyse a corpora of 5299 records retrieved from the Web of Science and map a network of actors, funding agencies, and the evolution of key topics over time. We found that although there is a back bone network of authors and collaborations, it is dominated by researchers based in non-Latin American countries, and fails to connect with a large bulk of minor groups scattered across the continent. In fact, with exception of Brazil, the major funding agencies supporting sustainability science research have been based in the United States, Europe, and with a lesser extend in China. Topic modelling reveals high levels of interdisciplinary across Latin American scholars. Major topics centre around natural resource management and agricultural development. Topics related to energy issues, from clean energy to mining and biofuels, are becoming more trendy over time; while topics related to health (e.g. Final PDF-version, August 18th 2017. For later updates please see the interactive programme. HIV), learning, schooling, justice, tourism and violence seem constant over time. Resilience and sustainability science have provided Latin American scholars with a common language, shared conceptual frameworks, and very similar context and research problems. Our results suggest that there is scope for larger regional collaborations. While local funding might be a limitation, current communication technologies and knowing who is doing what can facilitate such cooperation. Here we provide such map. Poster: Is there a cultural dimension to life in the Anthropocene ? Uno SVEDIN, Maria TENGÖ Stockholm University/Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm, Sweden During the last one and a half decade new framing have emerged about the human condition within a planetary development outlook. Sustainability and resilience thinking have been complemented e.g. with discussions about a possible classification in historical time within which the planet Earth now